Preparation of lutein proliposomes by supercritical anti-solvent technique

Preparation and evaluation of cyclosporin A-containing proliposomes: a comparison of the supercritical antisolvent process with the conventional film method

“…The aggregation, fusion of particles and hydrolysis, and oxidation of phospholipids are more prone to occur in a liquid state. 14,15 Proliposomes are prepared in a dry and free-flowing form using several methods, such as freeze drying, spray drying, etc. They need complicated additional steps for proliposomal formulation, together with a cryoprotectant and high process temperature, which limits their wide application.…”

“…However, the preparation and evaluation of proliposomes using SCF-CO 2 methods has not been fully explored yet, and there are only a few studies that deal with SCF-mediated proliposomes. 13,15,17 Xia et al used the SAS process for preparing vitamin D 3 -loaded proliposomes and also studied lutein-encapsulated proliposomes using the same technique. 15 To the best of our knowledge, the comparison of the physicochemical properties of conventional and SCF or SAS-mediated proliposomes is a novel approach and needs to be investigated.…”

A comprehensive overview on the micro- and nano-technological encapsulation advances for enhancing the chemical stability and bioavailability of carotenoids

“…above the melting point of phospholipids (ca.180-200°C) (Gouin, 2004). Up-scaling liposome production in their dry state (proliposomes) is particularly relevant for the food industry: combining liposome formation with drying methods (spray drying, freeze drying, supercritical fluid precipitation) can be a cost-effective and sustainable alternative for encapsulation (Alves and Santana, 2004;Moraes et al, 2013;Xia et al, 2012). Moraes et al (2013) reported that proliposome technology can be used to develop vehicles for entrapping β-carotene, with very good technological properties (density, solubility, and hygroscopicity) and high encapsulation capacity (up to 100%).…”

“…Adopting these conditions, morphological (from large spherical particles with less agglomeration to uniform nanospheres) and particle size changes (198 to 355 nm) were also observed. (Lesoin et al, 2011;Nerome et al, 2013;Xia et al, 2012). SAS implementation to produce pro-liposomes may bring advantages compared to conventional organic solvent methods (Bangham method), as it is more efficient, environmental-friendly, is carried out under mild temperature, and reduces the amount of residual organic solvent in the final dry product (Lesoin et al, (2011).…”

“…20%), liposome storage stability and mean particle size. Xia et al (2012) presented a SEDS assisted method to produce lutein loaded pro-liposomes.…”