Aim:The only small molecule drugs currently available for treatment of influenza A virus (IAV) are M2 ion channel blockers and sialidase inhibitors. The prototype thiazolide, nitazoxanide, has successfully completed Phase III clinical trials against acute uncomplicated influenza.Results: We report the activity of seventeen thiazolide analogs against A/PuertoRico/8/1934(H1N1), a laboratory-adapted strain of the H1N1 subtype of IAV, in a cell culture-based assay. A total of eight analogs showed IC 50 s in the range of 0.14-5.0 μM. Additionally a quantitative structure-property relationship study showed high correlation between experimental and predicted activity based on a molecular descriptor set. Conclusion: A range of thiazolides show useful activity against an H1N1 strain of IAV. Further evaluation of these molecules as potential new small molecule therapies is justified.
Graphical abstract:OR 2 A number of thiazolides (R 1 = a 3, 4 or 5-substituent; R 2 = H or CH 3 CO; R 3 = a 4´ -or 5´-substituent) are active with IC 50 = 0.14-5.0 µM against a prototypical H1N1 strain of influenza A virus in MDCK cells; a QSAR regression model was developed, showing good correlation between predicted and measured in vitro activity.Since the prototype nitazoxanide has successfully completed Phase III clinical trials against acute uncomplicated influenza, this molecule series has considerable potential for future development.