Preparation of highly uniform and crosslinked polyurea microspheres through precipitation copolymerization and their property and structure characterization

Xu, Jiali; Han, Hui Min; Zhang, Ling; Zhu, Xiaoli; Jiang, Xubao; Kong, Xiang Zheng

doi:10.1039/c4ra04206a

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…1522 cm −1 and COC at ca. 1214 cm −1 confirmed the presence of urethane and urea linkages, providing an evidence that the shell was composed by PUa/PU …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Hybrid shell microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate with high thermal and chemical stability for autonomous self‐healing of epoxy coatings

Attaei

Vale

Shakoor

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silica‐polyurea/polyuretane hybrid shell microcapsules (MCs) loaded with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with long shelf‐life and high thermal and chemical stability are prepared via emulsification followed by interfacial polymerization at the surface of oil droplets of the oil‐in‐water emulsion. The resultant MCs are aimed at self‐healing performance in epoxy coatings. A commercially available, highly reactive polyisocyanate named tris(p‐isocyanatophenyl) thiophosphate is successfully employed as shell forming agent, while triethoxyoctylsilane and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDMS) are tested as “latent” active hydrogen sources. The resulting MCs display core–shell morphology, spherical shape with diameter of 5–20 μm, shell thickness ca. 1–2 μm, and an IPDI core fraction of 69 and 65 wt %, when HDMS and triethoxyoctylsilane are employed, respectively. MCs exhibit an increased thermal stability, comparing with pure IPDI, which makes them robust enough to resist the thermal cycles involved in the coating's preparation. Stability of MCs inside specific solvents and chemicals, their chemical composition and shelf‐life as well as effect of MCs on the epoxy curing are evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. MCs, remarkably, show excellent environment stability and a long shelf‐life of more than 3.5 months. Their addition to an epoxy formulation is found to heal damaged zones in the epoxy coating, as shown by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48751.

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“…1522 cm −1 and COC at ca. 1214 cm −1 confirmed the presence of urethane and urea linkages, providing an evidence that the shell was composed by PUa/PU …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Hybrid shell microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate with high thermal and chemical stability for autonomous self‐healing of epoxy coatings

Attaei

Vale

Shakoor

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…It is reported that the reactivity of amines is much higher than that of water in reaction towards isocyanate [10,[14][15][16][17]. Therefore, different reactions took place when TDI was added to EDA aqueous solution.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Pu Formation By Tdi Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…1. As to the PU in the inner microspheres, it was formed mainly by TDI reaction with water, which must be much slower because of the difficulty for water molecules to diffuse inside of the PU spheres with a hard shell, and the much lower reaction rate of TDI with water in comparison with amines [14][15][16][17]. In addition, the backbones of the inner PU must be more rigid because of the absence of ethylene segments as depicted by Eq.…”

Section: Microsphere Morphologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation of uniform and porous polyurea microspheres of large size through interfacial polymerization of toluene diisocyanate in water solution of ethylene diamine

Zhang

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…These microcapsules are usually prepared via an interfacial polymerization in an emulsion . Recently, isocyanates have been employed to efficiently crosslink these microspheres as well as nanoparticles due to their high reactivity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurea microcapsules from isocyanatoethyl methacrylate copolymers

Risangud

Congdon

Keddie

et al. 2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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The synthesis of two types of isocyanate side chain containing copolymers, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) (P(MMA-co-IEM)) and poly(benzyl methacrylate-co-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) (P(BnMA-co-IEM)), which were synthesized by Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerization, is reported. Polymerization proceeded to high conversion giving polymers of relatively narrow molar mass distributions. The incorporation of the bulky aromatic groups in the latter copolymer rendered it sufficiently stable towards hydrolysis and enabled the isolation of the product and its characterization by 1H and 13C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy and SEC. Both P(MMA-co-IEM) and P(BnMA-co-IEM) were functionalized with dibutylamine, octylamine and (R)-(+)-α-methylbenzyl-amine, which further proved the successful incorporation of the isocyanate groups. Furthermore, P(BnMA-co-IEM) was used for the fabrication of liquid core microcapsules via oil-in-water interfacial polymerization with diethylenetriamine as crosslinker. The particles obtained were in the size range of 10 to 90 µm in diameter independent of the composition of copolyme

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Preparation of highly uniform and crosslinked polyurea microspheres through precipitation copolymerization and their property and structure characterization

Abstract: Highly uniform polyurea microspheres are prepared with tunable crosslinking through precipitation polymerization of IPDI with diethylenetriamine (DETA) in water–acetone binary solvent.

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Hybrid shell microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate with high thermal and chemical stability for autonomous self‐healing of epoxy coatings

Hybrid shell microcapsules containing isophorone diisocyanate with high thermal and chemical stability for autonomous self‐healing of epoxy coatings

Preparation of uniform and porous polyurea microspheres of large size through interfacial polymerization of toluene diisocyanate in water solution of ethylene diamine

Polyurea microcapsules from isocyanatoethyl methacrylate copolymers

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