Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Banana Leaves for High‐performance Supercapacitor: Effect of Type of Electrolytes on Performance

Abstract

We demonstrate a facile efficient way to fabricate activated carbon nanosheets (ACNSs) consisting of hierarchical porous carbon materials. Simply heating banana leaves with K2CO3 produce ACNSs having a unique combination of macro‐, meso‐ and micropores with a high specific surface area of ∼1459 m2 g−1. The effects of different electrolytes on the electrochemical supercapacitor performance and stability of the ACNSs are tested using a two‐electrode system. The specific capacitance (Csp) values are 55, 114, and 190 F g−1 in aqueous 0.5 M sodium sulfate, organic 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile, and pure ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) electrolytes, respectively. The ACNSs also shows the largest potential window of 3.0 V, the highest specific energy (59 Wh kg−1) and specific power (750 W kg−1) in [BMIM][PF6]. A mini‐prototype device is prepared to demonstrate the practicality of the ACNSs.

Present Status and Future Prospects of Jute in Nanotechnology: A Review

“…Different biomass resources have highly variable compositions and features; therefore, biomass feedstock's characterization is quite important in expressing its suitability for conversion into carbon materials. Various agricultural byproducts, including Albizia procera leaves, [5,10,70] tal palm leaves, [6] Syzygium cumini leaves, [11] Pithophora polymorpha filaments, [7] date palm leaves, [71] banana leaves, [14] nettle fiber clone, [72] and jute, [13,20,73] have been employed as sources for the preparation of low‐cost carbon materials. However, due to eco‐friendly, biodegradable nature, and high carbon and low ash content, enormous research work has been carried out to convert jute into novel carbonaceous materials, including nanocarbon for valuable applications, such as energy storage, sensors, and waste‐water treatment [5–7,11,13,14,20,70,73] …”

“…The development of nanoscale devices has recently become one of the most emerging research areas. Enhancing the surface area of active nanomaterials without increasing the dimensions of the devices leads to more efficient applications in various fields, such as solar cells, sensors, detectors, targeted drug delivery, antibacterial agents, energy conversion and storage, nanogenerators, and catalysis [5–20] …”

Agricultural product-derived carbon for energy, sensing, and environmental applications: A mini-review

“…The carbonized product was washed with 0.5 M HCl and DI water and finally dried at 60°C for 24 h to obtain the porous ADCs nanosheets. Similarly, various agricultural wastes have been used for the preparation of efficient ADCs materials, including tal palm leaves (Ahammad et al, 2019a), jam leaves (Deb Nath et al, 2019), bhant leaves (Haque et al, 2020a), rain/monkey pod tree leaves (Khan et al, 2020), rice husks (Haque 2020b), taro stems (Ahammad et al, 2018), Pithophora polymorpha filaments (Shah et al, 2020), banana leaves (Roy et al, 2020), and waste tissue paper scraps (Senthilkumar et al, 2020). Reproduced with permission (Aziz et al, 2017…”

“…The resultant composite was used as electrodes for supercapacitors, which exhibited pseudocapacitor behavior and yielded a high areal capacitance of 176 mF/cm 2 at a scan rate of 1 mA/cm 2 with a high specific energy and specific power of 24.5 μWh/cm 2 and 500 μW/cm 2 , respectively. Recently Roy et al (2020) have reported hierarchical porous ADCs for supercapacitor applications. The ADCs were prepared by simple activation of banana leaves with K 2 CO 3 , which produced highly efficient ADCs with a high specific surface area of ~1459 m 2 /g.…”

“…stems (Ahammad et al, 2018), rice (Oryza sativa) husk (Haque et al, 2020b), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) leaves (Haq et al, 2020;Aziz et al, 2017), bhant (Clerodendrum infortunatum L.) leaves (Haque , et al, 2020a), rain tree/monkeypod tree (Samanea saman) leaves (Khan et al, 2020), siris (Albizia procera) leaves (Buliyaminu et al, 2020;Shah et al, 2019;Mohamedkhair et al, 2020), algae (Pithophora polymorpha filaments (Shah et al, 2020), banana (Musa sapientum L. ssp. sylvestris) leaves (Roy et al, 2020), and jam (Syzygium cumini) leaves (Deb Nath et al, 2019) as appropriate precursors for the preparation of efficient and low-cost ADCs. It is to mention that these plants are produced in most parts of the world, including Bangladesh.…”