Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for &lt;em&gt;In Vivo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;In Vitro&lt;/em&gt; Experiments

Liu, Shufen; Sun, Yue‐Li; Li, Ji; Dong, Jingcheng; Bian, Qin

doi:10.3791/55654

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The herbs that make up EXD include 9 g epimedium, 9 g curcuma, 9 g Morinda officinalis, 9 g angelica, 6 g phellodendron, 6 g anemarrhena (all herbs were obtained from Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) ( 22 ), and all herbal materials used in our study were approved by Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It met the quality requirements of the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GCTOF-MS Combined LC-QTRAP-MS/MS Reveals Metabolic Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporotic Osteoarthritis and the Intervention Effect of Erxian Decoction

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeOP and OA are chronic bone diseases with high incidence in the middle-aged and elderly populations. The latest research shows that the pathological environment of OP may be involved in the aggravation of the pathological process of OA, and the pathological state of OP plays an important role in the aggravation of OA pathology. EXD is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction that has been used to treat osteoporosis. Therefore, we further study whether OA will be aggravated in the OP environment and whether EXD can alleviate OA by intervening in the OP environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of OP on OA metabolites by using metabolomic methods and to explore the intervention mechanism of EXD on osteoporotic OA.MethodThirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, OA group, OP-OA group, and EXD group. EXD was administered by gavage. Histopathological evaluation of cartilage tissue was performed using Saffron fast green and HE staining. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of chondrogenesis genes SOX9, COL2A1, and COMP in cartilage tissue. GC-TOFMS and LC-QTRAP-MS/MS metabolomics methods were used to analyze the changes of metabolites in serum samples of rats in each group.ResultThe slice results showed that the cartilage damage in the OP-OA group was more serious than that in the OA group, which was significantly relieved after EXD intervention, indicating that the cartilage damage in the OP-OA group was more severe than that in the OA group and further reduced the protein and gene expressions of cartilage markers SOX9, COL2A1, and COMP. Thirty-seven substances were identified, and gentiopicroside, emodin, quercetin, and diosmetin were analyzed as possible active components of EXD. EXD treatment significantly reduced cartilage damage and reversed the expression of these markers. Metabolomics showed that EXD attenuated cartilage destruction by modulating the expression of cystine, chenodeoxycholate, and D-Turanose, involving glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis metabolic pathways.ConclusionThe OP environment may promote the progression of OA through metabolic factors. The benign intervention of EXD in osteoporotic OA involves cystine, chenodeoxycholate, and D-Turanose, and their associated glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis metabolic pathways. Therefore, we have a deep understanding of the metabolic-related intervention of EXD in osteoporotic OA and are eager to better understand the mechanism of multi-targeted intervention of EXD in bone metabolic lesions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GCTOF-MS Combined LC-QTRAP-MS/MS Reveals Metabolic Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporotic Osteoarthritis and the Intervention Effect of Erxian Decoction

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…These liquid preparations are often prepared from infusions and decoctions as well as tinctures which are prepared by steeping the herbal materials in alcohol (Liu et al, 2017;Azwanida, 2015). These traditional methods are used by many TMPs to prepare their remedies either as extemporaneous formulations for their patients or as finished herbal medicine for sale.…”

Section: Type Of Herbal Medicine Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of herbal medicine processing and production in Benue State Nigeria

Adigwe¹,

Philip²,

John³

et al. 2022

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge base of traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) in Benue State in relation to current good manufacturing practice for effective quality, safety, and increased economic value. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the TMPs using questionnaire. Information such as practice area, type of herbal medicine preparations, water quality, preservatives as well as knowledge of packaging of finished herbal medicines was evaluated. Over 55% of the TMPs practice herbal medicine alone, while others combine other traditional medicine disciplines alongside herbal medicine. Majority of the TMPs produce extemporaneous products for their patient while 10% produce products for sale. A number corresponding to 18% of the TMPs use either tap or borehole water, the others use water from well, streams and rivers. The herbal medicines produced by the TMPs are largely liquids and only 47% have any knowledge of preservatives and fewer have any knowledge on packaging of herbal medicines. This study shows that the majority of the TMPs lack appropriate technical resources and knowledge for herbal medicine production. Hence, there is an urgent need for a coordinated intervention in terms of working tools and trainings.

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“…There were a large number of researches [11][12][13][14] using drug-containing serum to study the mechanism of their protective effects. Based on the human equivalent dose in the clinical practice and the animals' surface area, we could covert human dose to the rat dose [15]. This scheme had the following properties:…”

Section: Herbal Decoction Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qiangji Jianli Decoction Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Biogenesis in L6 Myoblasts

Song

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Oxidative stress can cause the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has various adverse effects on muscular mitochondria. Qiangji Jianli decoction (QJJLD) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is widely applied to improve muscle weakness, and it has active constituents that prevent mitochondrial dysfunction. To investigate the protective mechanism of QJJLD against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in L6 myoblasts. Cell viability was determined with MTT assay. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM). ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were determined by WST-1, TBA, and DTNB methods, respectively. The mRNA and protein levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The cell viability was decreased, and the cellular ROS level was increased when L6 myoblasts were exposed to H2O2. After treatment with QJJLD-containing serum, the SOD and GSH-Px activities were increased. MDA level was decreased concurrently. ROS level was decreased while respiratory chain complex activity and ATP content were increased in L6 myoblasts. MMP loss was attenuated. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was also improved. Simultaneously, the protein expressions of p-AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF1, and TFAM were upregulated. The mRNA and protein expressions of Mfn1/2 and Opa1 were also upregulated while Drp1 and Fis1 were downregulated. These results suggest that QJJLD may alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction through the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis, the inhibition of ROS generation, and the promotion of mitochondrial energy metabolism.

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Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for <em>In Vivo</em> and <em>In Vitro</em> Experiments

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

GCTOF-MS Combined LC-QTRAP-MS/MS Reveals Metabolic Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporotic Osteoarthritis and the Intervention Effect of Erxian Decoction

GCTOF-MS Combined LC-QTRAP-MS/MS Reveals Metabolic Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporotic Osteoarthritis and the Intervention Effect of Erxian Decoction

Dynamics of herbal medicine processing and production in Benue State Nigeria

Qiangji Jianli Decoction Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics and Biogenesis in L6 Myoblasts

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