Preparation of green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for efficient removal of lead from wastewaters

Abstract

Green synthesis is a clean and eco-friendly process in which metal nanoparticles can be produced via reaction between a metal salt solution and plant organ extract. In present study, three copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using green synthesis processes from the leaf extracts of selected plants as abundant plant cover in the study area including astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus), rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) and mallow (Malva sylvestris). The effectiveness of three green synthesized nanoparticles in the adsorption of lead ions from a polluted water was studied under laboratory conditions. According to the results, the removal e ciencies of the copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from astragalus (A-CuO-NPs), rosemary (R-CuO-NPs) and mallow leaf extract (M-CuO-NPs) especially at the highest initial concentration of Pb (1.5 mM) were 88.4 %, 84.9 % and 69.6 %, respectively. Most probably due the smooth morphology and more uniform con guration of the M-CuO-NPs, the changes between equilibrium adsorption (q e ) and equilibrium concentration (C e ) were more regular than those of the A-CuO-NPs and R-CuO-NPs. Accordingly the best tted data to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were observed in the adsorption of Pb onto the M-CuO-NPs. Despite the lowest removal e ciency of the M-CuO-NPs, with the equal volumes of each leaf extract and CuSO 4 .5H 2 O solution (20 mM), the most produced dry weight was observed for these nanoparticles (4.3 g per 100 mL of leaf extract). According to the results reported herein, the copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from different plant covers are e cient adsorption agents for Pb from wastewaters.

The Effect of Combined Action of Types of Lead Nanoparticles and Stearates on Indicators of the Oxidative Stress in the Body of Experimental Animals

“…It is known that the combined action of harmful substances is a simultaneous or sequential effect on the body of several poisons in the same route of entry. A person is often exposed to two or more harmful substances at the same time [18]. Information about the safety and potential risk of nanomaterials is vital both for the health of an adult and for a developing organism.…”

Advancement in nanomaterials for environmental pollutants remediation: a systematic review on bibliometrics analysis, material types, synthesis pathways, and related mechanisms

“…Plants raw materials possess various functional groups with reducing capabilities and phytochemicals that can serve as coating agents to stabilize the NMs and facilitate multidimensional absorption. Valuable plant materials such as leaves, roots, flowers, and fruit have been investigated for their potential to produce NMs [ 149 , 150 ]. For instance, plant leaf extracts contain a range of phytochemicals, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, sterols, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics saponins, and phenolic compounds which act as reducing agents to eliminate toxic chemicals, MOs, and hazardous pollutants in environment [ 83 , 113 ].…”

“…The process mechanism involves the use of a light source to activate a wide-bandgap semiconductor materials, such as TiO 2 , ZnO, SnO 2 , cadmium sulfide, and tungsten trioxide, in the presence of water, causes electron separation, and develops an electron–hole pair [ 5 , 41 ]. The photocatalysis mechanism entails several steps starting with photoexcitation that triggers a series of oxidative and reductive reactions on the surface of the photocatalyst upon exposure to an appropriate wavelength of light (often with photon energy (hv) more significant than or equal to the band gap energy) [ 149 , 191 ]. Subsequently, the electrons diffuse across the photocatalyst's interface and interact with the surroundings, leading to reductions and oxidations [ 192 , 193 ].…”

Efficacy of copper oxide nanoparticles using Piper longum and Piper betle

“…P. Betle and P. Longum Longum (Long Pepper) are small perennial creepers, belonging to the family Piperaceae. Piperaceae crops are widely farmed in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, and other Southeast Asian nations [ 14 , 15 ]. The primary components of these shrubs include volatile oil, carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and mineral minerals (K, Mg, Na, Zn, Mn, and Co) necessary for human health, metabolic processes, healthy development, and lipid metabolism [ 16 ].…”