Preparation of graphene oxide nano-composite ion-exchange membranes for desalination application

Gahlot, Swati; Sharma, Prem Prakash; Gupta, Hariom; Kulshrestha, Vaibhav; Jha, Prafulla K.

doi:10.1039/c4ra02216e

Cited by 93 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Although DMFCs have lots of advantages but their usage faces with some challenges such as methanol crossover from membrane. Some of DMFCs advantages are high energy density, liquid state of methanol, needless to any reformer, low pollution, safe storage instead of hydrogen, and near-room operating temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications

et al. 2015

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In this study, the Sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO)/Fe 3 O 4 nanosheets were synthesized by hydrothermal method and incorporated into blend sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/poly(vinyl alchole) (PVA) matrix with different weight percent of (SGO)/Fe 3 O 4 nanosheets. The performances of prepared membranes were investigated by water uptake, membrane swelling, mechanical and thermal stability, proton conductivity, methanol permeability and DMFC test. It was found that the water uptake and tensile strength of SPEEK membrane increased and proton conductivity and power density decreased by 2 blending with PVA. Incorporation of SGO/Fe 3 O 4 nanosheets into SPEEK/PVA matrix enhanced mechanical stability, proton conductivity and methanol barrier properties of membrane. The SPEEK/PVA/SGO/Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite membrane with optimal nanosheets content (5 wt%) exhibits low methanol permeability (8.83 × 10 −7 cm 2 s -1 ), high tensile strength (51.2 MPa), high proton conductivity (0.084 S cm -1 at 25°C) and high power density (122.7 mW cm -2 at 80°C) and suggests its potential application in DMFCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications

et al. 2015

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“…The results show that the incorporation of SiO 2 lowers methanol permeability because the nano-sized dispersion of silica prevents methanol from migrating through the membrane and the covalent cross linking structure between modified sulfonic acid (-SO 3 H) groups of SPES and SiO 2 (Fig. 5) restricts the formation of channels in the membranes, which reduces methanol permeability [2,9]. With increasing silica loading from 0 to 5 wt%, the methanol permeability is decreased.…”

Section: Table 2 Water and Methanol Uptake For The Spes Spes/sio 2(mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nafion has been suitable for fuel cells due to its high proton conductivity and thermal stability, though it is highly permeable to methanol crossover, which not only wastes the fuel but reduces membrane application in fuel cells containing methanol [7]. Therefore, fuel cells containing methanol could be optimized through optimization membranes [8][9][10]. Recently, various research reports have recommended several kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons to replace Nafion in fuel cell membrane application [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid nanocomposite membranes of sulfonated poly(ethersulfone)/1,1-carbonyl diimidazole/1-(3-aminopropyl)-silane/silica for direct methanol fuel cells

Khosravi

Hassanajili

Moslemin

et al. 2016

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Composite membranes of sulfonated poly(ethersulfone)/1,1-carbonyl diimidazole/1-(3-aminopropyl)-silane/silica (SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 ) with silica of various contents (3, 5 and 8 wt%) were prepared as electrolytes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Comparison was made with pure SPES and SPES/SiO 2 . The properties of the composite membranes were studied by FTIR, TGA, XRD, water and methanol uptake, proton conductivity. SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 membranes were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed good adhesion between the modified sulfonic acid (-SO 3 H) groups of SPES and silica because of cross-linking with covalent bond formation and reduced cavities in the composites. This effect played an important role in reducing water uptake, methanol uptake and methanol permeability of the SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 composites. The water and methanol uptake and also methanol permeability of the SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 composite membrane with 8% SiO 2 were found in the order 3.58%, 2.48% and 1.91×10 −7 (cm 2 s −1 ), lower than those of SPES and Nafion 117. In SPES membrane of 16.94% level of sulfonation, the proton conductivity was 0.0135 s/cm at 25 o C, which approached that of Nafion 117 under the same conditions. Also, the proton conductivity of the SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 8% membrane was 0.0186 s/cm, which was higher than that of SPES at room temperature. The preparation of SPES/SiO 2 composites in the presence of AS and CDI, led to 63%, 56% and 64% reduction of water uptake, methanol uptake and methanol permeability, respectively without a sharp drop in proton conductivity of the composite membranes which featured a good balance between high proton conductivity, water and methanol uptake of SPES/CDI/AS/SiO 2 membranes.

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“…Though graphene has widely been studied for its electrical properties, transparency, flexibility and ease of production at large scales [10][11][12][13][14][15], it is graphene oxide (GO) when it comes to filtration. Several studies have been reported on graphene oxide (GO)polymer composite membranes which are related to their physical, thermal properties and performance abilities [23][24][25][26], while few others are related to their applications like anti-fouling property, filtration and hydrophilicity [27][28][29][30][31]. There are several methods to prepare GO [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein mediated textile dye filtration using graphene oxide–polysulfone composite membranes

et al. 2015

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Here we report graphene oxide (GO) concentration dependent protein binding (BSA) and dye filtration (RO-16) capabilities of polysulfone-GO composite membranes under different pH conditions (2, 7 and 10). The membranes were fabricated with different GO concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8% w/w) and were successfully characterized for their physical and chemical properties, as well as for their performance ability. The best BSA binding and dye rejection rates were observed with 2% GO membrane at pH=10, which were 95% and 78.26% respectively, suggesting that 2% is the optimal concentration. Further, considering the fact that RO-16 dye is acidic friendly, contact time studies were carried out with 2% GO membranes at pH=2 and pH=10. It was realized that 2% GO-polysulfone membrane at pH=2 show the highest dye rejection rate with 87.4%, supporting the importance of contact time in filtration technology. Dye filtration mechanism and performance of the membranesInitially, experiments were carried out with bare PSf, 1, 2, 4 and 8% GO membranes (without BSA) for dye filtration. UV spectroscopy results revealed that these membranes are not effective enough to filter the dye molecules. Further, experiments were performed in two different stages:

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Preparation of graphene oxide nano-composite ion-exchange membranes for desalination application

Abstract: Different membrane properties by inclusion of graphene oxide content.

Cited by 93 publications

References 31 publications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications

Hybrid nanocomposite membranes of sulfonated poly(ethersulfone)/1,1-carbonyl diimidazole/1-(3-aminopropyl)-silane/silica for direct methanol fuel cells

Protein mediated textile dye filtration using graphene oxide–polysulfone composite membranes

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Preparation of graphene oxide nano-composite ion-exchange membranes for desalination application

Abstract: Different membrane properties by inclusion of graphene oxide content.

Cited by 93 publications

References 31 publications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanosheets for DMFC applications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanosheets for DMFC applications

Hybrid nanocomposite membranes of sulfonated poly(ethersulfone)/1,1-carbonyl diimidazole/1-(3-aminopropyl)-silane/silica for direct methanol fuel cells

Protein mediated textile dye filtration using graphene oxide–polysulfone composite membranes

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Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe₃O₄ nanosheets for DMFC applications