Preparation of graphene dispersions and graphene-polymer composites in organic media

Villar–Rodil, S.; Paredes, J.I.; Martı́nez-Alonso, A.; Tascón, J.M.D.

doi:10.1039/b904935e

Cited by 301 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Among carbon-based nanofillers, graphene and graphene-derived materials have caught a great deal of attention due to their extraordinary combination of properties, such as high surface area, aspect ratio, tensile strength, thermal and electrical conductivities, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency, flexibility, transparency or low coefficient of thermal expansion [5][6][7][8]. From another point of view, the excellent thermal stability of graphene has promoted investigations on several polymer-based composites such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [9,10], poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) [11], polystyrene (PS) [12], polyaniline [13], polypropylene (PP) [14] or polycarbonate (PC) [15] using different types of graphene, with remarkable enhancements in thermal stability being found. Another aspect of graphene that could have a favorable effect in terms of delaying polymer thermal decomposition is its platelet-like morphology, which, depending on the dispersion and exfoliation of graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) in the polymer matrix, could delay the escape of volatile products generated during polymer decomposition [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Abbasi¹,

Antunes²,

Velasco³

2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The present work considers the preparation of medium-density polyetherimide foams reinforced with variable amounts of graphene nanoplatelets (1-10 wt%) by means of water vapor-induced phase separation (WVIPS) and their characterization . A homogeneous closed-cell structure with cell sizes around 10 µm was obtained, with foams exhibiting zero crystallinity according to X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen showed a two-step thermal decomposition behaviour for both unfilled and graphene-reinforced foams, with foams containing graphene presenting thermal stability improvements, related to a physical barrier effect promoted by the nanoplatelets. Thermo-mechanical analysis indicated that the specific storage modulus of the nanocomposite foams significantly increased owing to the high stiffness of graphene and finer cellular morphology of the foams. Although foamed nanocomposites displayed no further sign of graphene nanoplatelets exfoliation, the electrical conductivity of these foams was significant even for low graphene contents, with a tunnel-like model fitting well to the evolution of the electrical conductivity with the amount of graphene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Abbasi¹,

Antunes²,

Velasco³

2015

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…This method results in good quality graphene nanoplatelets with electrical conductivity up to 2420 S/m -the electrical conductivity of GO is only about 0.02 S/m (15). The reduction degree of graphene nanoplatelets is higher when the reduction is carried out in organic solvent (such as DMF, NMP) with hydrazine hydrate, this can result in conductivity up to 16,000 S/m (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Preparation and properties of chemically reduced graphene oxide/copolymer-polyamide nanocomposites

et al. 2016

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Abstract:To enhance the physical properties of copolymer-polyamide (CO-PA), a sequence of nanocomposites based upon CO-PA and chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) nanoplatelets were prepared by in-situ reduction using hydrazine hydrate. Graphene oxide (GO), prepared by the improved Hummers method, was used to fabricate CRGO nanaoplatelets. Atomic-force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the thickness and the width of GO was about 0.9 nm and 1 μm, respectively. An abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups were introduced onto the GO sheets. XRD and SEM analysis showed that CRGO nanoplatelets were well dispersed in the CO-PA matrix with the appropriate CRGO content. TGA and DSC analysis demonstrated that CRGO nanoplatelets can significantly improve the thermal stability, glass-transition temperature, crystallization temperature of the composites. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were improved significantly with the appropriate increment of CRGO nanoplatelets content, though the elongation at break of the composites decreased with the increase of CRGO nanoplatelets content. The electrical conductivity test showed a significant increase in electrical conductivity from an insulator to almost a semiconductor with increasing CRGO nanoplatelets content. And at 1.0 wt% CRGO content, the electrical percolation threshold of the nanocomposites was found.

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“…The interactions with PVA are achieved via hydrogen bonding between these oxygenated groups of graphene, and -OH groups of PVA. Several studies have shown the influence of graphene fillers on thermal stability and thermal degradation of polymeric networks, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), [48,49] PVA films [23] and PVA/starch blends. [50,51] Furthermore, melting of Ag/PVA/Gr hydrogel occurs at even higher Tm = 311 °C, exhibiting much better thermal stability due to presence of AgNPs together with graphene.…”

Section: Dsc Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Based Composite Hydrogel for Biomedical Applications

Nešović¹,

Abudabbus²,

Rhee³

et al. 2017

Croat. Chem. Acta

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In this work, composite hydrogel consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol), graphene and silver nanoparticles, (Ag/PVA/Gr), was prepared by the immobilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in PVA/Gr hydrogel matrix in two steps. The first step was cross linking of the PVA/Gr colloid solution by the freezing/thawing method, while in the second step, in situ electrochemical method was used to incorporate AgNPs inside the PVA/Gr hydrogel matrix. We used UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC analysis, as well as test of cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity, to characterize obtained Ag/PVA/Gr hydrogel. It was shown that graphene-based composite hydrogel with incorporated AgNPs is non toxic biomaterial with antibacterial activity, with a potential for use in biomedical purposes.

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Preparation of graphene dispersions and graphene-polymer composites in organic media

Cited by 301 publications

References 36 publications

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Graphene nanoplatelets-reinforced polyetherimide foams prepared by water vapor-induced phase separation

Preparation and properties of chemically reduced graphene oxide/copolymer-polyamide nanocomposites

Graphene Based Composite Hydrogel for Biomedical Applications

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