Preparation of Cellulose/Laponite Composite Particles and Their Enhanced Electrorheological Responses

Abstract

Cellulose, as a natural polymer with an abundant source, has been widely used in many fields including the electric field responsive medium that we are interested in. In this work, cellulose micron particles were applied as an electrorheological (ER) material. Because of the low ER effect of the raw cellulose, a composite particle of cellulose and Laponite was prepared via a dissolution–regeneration process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the morphologies and structures of the composite particles, which were different from pristine cellulose and Laponite, respectively. The ER performances of raw cellulose and the prepared composite were measured by an Anton Paar rotational rheometer. It was found that the ER properties of the composite were more superior to those of raw cellulose due to the flake-like shapes of the composite particles with rough surface. Moreover, the sedimentation stability of composite improves drastically, which means better suspension stability.

An injectable cellulose acetate/sodium alginate hydrogels-loaded laponite microsphere as a potential wound healing in nursing care in perioperative period

“…The existence of LAP in the CSL was confirmed by XRD spectra, which revealed the LAP typical diffraction patterns in the CSL pattern. The LAP XRD pattern exhibited crystalline peaks at 2θ=16.90°, 29.63°, 32.36°, 39.73°, and 45.10°, respectively, which were similarly reported in previous researches [26]. After mixing LAP within CA/SA hydrogel matrix and crosslinking process, the sharp peaks in the XRD pattern related to LAP slightly shifted to 2θ=27.40°, 28.82°, 30.97°, and 45.34°, respectively, due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between LAP within CA/SA hydrogel matrix [22,27].…”

Nanocomposite Hydrogel Produced from PEGDA and Laponite for Bone Regeneration

“…The rough morphology is typically observed for PEGDA hydrogels; however, some lamellar honeycomb-like structures were shown when Lap was added ( Figure 2 c). A porous honeycomb structure is considered very interesting to apply as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, as previously reported by [ 7 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

“…The pattern of diffraction reflections of Lap is located at 2θ = 5.38°, 9.53°, 19.20°, 23.52°, 26.30°, 27.16°, 35.77°, 39.95°, 53.58°, 60.90°, and 72.51° [ 27 , 28 ]. Reflections of Lap referring to 2θ = 5.38°, 19.20°, 27.16°, 35.77°, and 60.90° are related to crystallographic planes (001), (100), (005), (110), and (300), respectively [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. After the incorporation of PEGDA and IG in the Lap structure, the nanocomposite hydrogel presented the same crystallographic patterns as pure laponite.…”

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

“…The types of the dispersed phase materials are generally divided into inorganic materials, 21−23 organic materials, 24,25 als. 26,27 Among a variety of inorganic materials, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), as a kind of transition-state oxide with relatively high dielectric properties and polarizability, is a promising high-performance ER material. 28−30 However, the paucity of active groups on the surface of pure TiO 2 nanoparticles and their low conductivity limit the polarizability of the particles, which causes pure TiO 2 to have poor ER properties.…”

“…Properties of both the dispersed phase and the continuous liquid materials are key factors affecting their properties in the research into ER components. − Researchers have paid more attention to developing dispersed phase materials with high ER properties because of the greater diversity and designability of the dispersed phase materials. The types of the dispersed phase materials are generally divided into inorganic materials, − organic materials, , and composite materials. , Among a variety of inorganic materials, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), as a kind of transition-state oxide with relatively high dielectric properties and polarizability, is a promising high-performance ER material. − However, the paucity of active groups on the surface of pure TiO 2 nanoparticles and their low conductivity limit the polarizability of the particles, which causes pure TiO 2 to have poor ER properties. , When the ER fluids are composed of TiO 2 and a small amount of water, the system will exert a better ER effect. This is because water acts as a polar molecule to provide permanent dipoles from forming on the surface of the particles.…”