Preparation of bow tie–type methacrylated poly(caprolactone‐co‐lactic acid) scaffolds: effect of collagen modification on cell growth

Abstract

A branched methacrylated poly(caprolactone-co-lactic acid) and methacrylated poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMG-IEM) resins were synthesized. 1 H-NMR spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography confirmed the chemical structures of copolymers. The photoinitiated polymerization of formulation composed of various amounts of methacrylated poly(caprolactone-co-lactic acid), PTMG-IEM, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, water, and photoinitiator were performed. The curing reactions were followed by photo-DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry). Gel fraction was calculated from the insoluble part and found as ≥93%. Swelling and contact angles were measured, and all increased with the increasing amount of PTMG-IEM in network formulations. In vitro degradation studies were performed at 37 C in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4). Collagen-modified polymers were also prepared and introduced as a bioactive moiety to modify the polymer to enhance cell affinity. To compare the cell adhesion affinity to the polymer with and without collagen, cell growth experiments were performed. The results showed that collagen improves the cell adhesion onto the polymer surface. With the increasing amount of collagen, cell viability increases 86% (ECV304, p < 0.05) and 83% (3 T3, p < 0.05).Preparation of collagen-tethered PEGMA PEGMA (11 g) was poured into a three-necked 100 ml of a roundbottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer, a condenser and a nitrogen inlet. CDI (5.5 g) was dissolved in 50 ml of THF then added dropwise into the reaction mixture while mixing. The reaction mixture was kept at 40 C for 24 hr. G. BAYRAMOĞLU ET AL.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pat Scheme 1. The synthesis of poly(caprolactone-co-lactic acid).Scheme 2. Synthesis of methacrylated poly(caprolactone-co-lactic acid).

Engineering a Microvascular Capillary Bed in a Tissue-Like Collagen Construct

“…Surface seeding of the MEC on the biomaterials, including collagen, has been used and well documented in other studies. [35][36][37][38] Therefore, this mode of cell seeding was evaluated in the current study on the PC collagen gels. To assess the phenotype and differentiation of endothelial cells, the expression of several markers was monitored.…”

Fabrication of collagen immobilized electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) scaffolds

“…N‐Carbonyl imidazol‐tethered nanofiber was gently shaken in collagen solution with a concentration of 2 mg/ml acetic acid at room temperature for 24 hr. The product was kept at +4°C …”

Photopolymerization Reactions: On the Way to a Green and Sustainable Chemistry

“…Renewable monomers/oligomers have been proposed and studied; e.g., (i) acrylates: acrylated vegetable oils [118], natural or naturally derived products (photocrosslinkable polylactides [119], ε-caprolactone [120,121], poly (lactide-co-ethylene oxide-co-fumarate) [122], poly(caprolactone-colactic acid) [123], methacrylate based gelatine derivatives [124], acrylate modified starch [125] and itaconic acid based photocurable polyesters [126]; (ii) epoxides: epoxidized sunflower [127,128], epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), linseed oil, vernonia oil or castor oil (see in [129]), limonene dioxide (LDO) [130] (limonene is a liquid terpene found in various volatile oils, such as cardamom, nutmeg and turpentine; LDO can be formed through oxidation of limonene by peracids), epoxidized natural rubbers [131], vegetable oils [132] and epoxidized fatty acid (EFA); or (iii) resins based on vegetable oil [133,134], soybean [135], rosin ester [136], tung [137] and palm stearin [138,139] and castor oil. The photopolymerization of such monomers is more or less efficient as a function of the chemical structure, the multifunctional character or the irradiation conditions.…”