Preparation of benthic substrates for sediment toxicity testing

Abstract

A jar rolling apparatus was constructed to prepare test substrates using sediments spiked with laboratory chemicals, the toxicity of which were assessed with the Rhepoxynius abronius bioassay Test sediments were mixed by rolling them for several hours in one gallon glass jars Mixing was considered adequate based on the analytical results of sediment samples that were collected at locations along the longitudinal axis within each horizontally lying jar immediately after rolling However, because comparative standards did not exist, definitive conclusions of mixing thoroughness could not be drawn Coefficients of variation, used to assess mixing within jars, were 11.5% or less (mean 5.1%) Mixing was not significantly different among replicated jars but, in some jars, was significantly different among within jar sample locations

A Pulse of Endosulfan-Contaminated Sediment Affects Macroinvertebrates in Artificial Streams

“…Technical-grade endosulfan (Hoechst Schering AgrEvo Pty. Ltd.; 96% purity) dissolved in nanograde acetone (Mallinckrodt) carrier was placed in a glass jar and rolled until all the solvent was evaporated (Ditsworth et al, 1990). Wet sediment (2.5 kg) was then placed in each jar and rolled for 3 h, with vigorous shaking every half-hour (Leonard et al, 2001).…”

Use of nonpolar resin for reduction of fluoranthene bioavailability in sediment

“…The sediments were spiked with fluoranthene using a shell-coating technique [18,19]. Fluoranthene was dissolved in acetone and quantitatively transferred to a 4-L glass jar.…”

Development of a Standardized Approach for Assessing Potential Risks to Amphibians Exposed to Sediment and Hydric Soils

“…Spiking methods were conducted in general accordance with those described by Ditsworth et al (1990). Five holes were "punched" into the sediment with pipets.…”