Preparation of bacteria microarray using selective patterning of polyelectrolyte multilayer and poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) diblock copolymer

Abstract

This study reports a simple but efficient method for create bacteria microarrays on a predesigned functional surface consisting of two distinctive regions; a bacterial immobilizing area and a nonimmobilizing region. The functionalized surface was fabricated by a combination of self-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEL) and micromolding in the capillaries (MIMIC) of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) diblock copolymer (PEG-PLA). The PEL region provides bacterial immobilization, and the nonspecific binding of bacteria was prevented using PEG-PLA as passivation molecules. The topological change in the functionalized surface was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which suggested the occurrence of a laterally homogeneous and well defined surface modification. An analysis of the fluorescence signals from the bacteria microarray indicates that the bacteria are viable and grow after immobilization on patterned surface features. The rapid fabrication of two different functionalities on the surface results in a uniform bacteria pattern with a high signal to noise ratio and shape flexibility, such as lines, squares, and circles. Moreover, the pattern size could be controlled from 20 to 100 µm.

Mussel-Inspired Anchoring for Patterning Cells Using Polydopamine

“…The patterning of bacteria is useful in fabricating biosensors based on whole cells on chips, as well as studying quorum sensing and formation of biofilms. PEG were reported to reduce the adhesion of bacteria and can be used to generate bacteria patterns. − In our study, to test if the PDA–PEG system could be used to pattern bacteria, we used two types of bacteria, Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (Gram positive). We cultured the two bacteria solutions in PDA-patterned PS surfaces before washing them with PBS.…”

Recent Advances in Genetic Technique of Microbial Report Cells and Their Applications in Cell Arrays

“…Using this strategy, high-resolution printing of massive arrays of various microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus plantarum , E. coli , Candida albicans , and fungal spores of Aspergillus fumigatus , has been reported on porous aluminum oxide [ 46 ]. Another bacterial array, based on a combination of self-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayers and micromolded poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) diblock copolymers to promote target cell adhesion, has also been reported [ 47 ].…”

Photoinduced micropatterning on biodegradable aliphatic polyester surfaces for anchoring dual brushes and its application in bacteria and cell patterning

“…[4][5][6] For example, cell adhesion on designated places of micropatterned surfaces can be employed in several biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, biomedical implantation, cell based diagnostics, etc. 7,8 On the other hand, bacterial microarrays 9,10 can be a promising platform to function as diagnostics for various diseases, as a tracker for genotoxins or heavy metals, and for gene expression assays including fundamental studies of biological processes. [9][10][11][12] Various techniques such as soft lithography, microcontact printing using patterned stamps, laser ablation, photopolymerization through a mask, etc.…”

“…7,8 On the other hand, bacterial microarrays 9,10 can be a promising platform to function as diagnostics for various diseases, as a tracker for genotoxins or heavy metals, and for gene expression assays including fundamental studies of biological processes. [9][10][11][12] Various techniques such as soft lithography, microcontact printing using patterned stamps, laser ablation, photopolymerization through a mask, etc. are available in the literature to immobilize biomacromolecules in a precise manner on patterned surfaces.…”