Preparation of activated carbon sheet electrode assisted electrosorption process

Development of an Ion Removal Technique Based on Capacitive Deionization for Treatment of Rinse Water from Incineration Ash

“…The developed electrode exhibited good electrochemical property and ion removal capacity. Because of the remarkable efforts done and following the method of Choi (2010) for electrode fabrication, Nadakatti et al (2011) and Hou et al (2012) conducted investigations that were aimed to enhance the electrosorption ability by incorporating mesoporous carbon black (MCCB) and by morphological structure modification by chemical treatment, respectively.…”

Highly porous activated carbons from resource-recovered Leucaena leucocephala wood as capacitive deionization electrodes

“…Furthermore, for CDI applications, holding the activated carbon powders together in a sheet-like formation by adding polymer binders is essential. According to previous studies (Lim et al, 2009;Hou et al, 2012), an increase in the PVDF content reduces the specific surface area and pore volume of carbon materials, resulting in a reduced capacitive and electrosorptive capacitance. Therefore, electrodes were fabricated by mixing the activated carbon powders with 10 wt% PVDF binder.…”

“…The CDI electrodes were fabricated by mixing 90 wt% of the activated carbon powder and 10 wt% of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, molecular wt. = 534,000, Sigma-Aldrich), as described in our previous study (Hou et al, 2012). The effective surface area of the electrode was 50 mm  50 mm; 20 mL Aqueous NaCl (initial concentration 0.5 mM) was continuously circulated through the system at 5 mL min À1 .…”

“…Carbonaceous materials, such as activated carbons (Choi, 2010;Hou et al, 2012), carbon aerogel (Gabelich et al, 2002), carbon fiber , carbon nanotubes Hou et al, 2014), mesoporous carbon (Tsouris et al, 2011), graphene (Li et al, 2010), hierarchically porous carbons (Mayes et al, 2010;Wen et al, 2012), and mixtures of these materials (Peng et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2014) are potential CDI electrodes because of their favorable conductivity and high surface area. Currently, manufacturing carbon electrodes at low costs is essential for promoting CDI technology.…”

Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers as binders for capacitive deionization activated carbon electrodes

“…Despite activated carbon being widely studied as a material for CDI electrodes (Bouhadana et al, 2011;Choi, 2010;Hou and Huang, 2013;Hou et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2012;Mossad and Zou, 2012;Porada et al, 2012;Villar et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2013), one of the drawbacks associated with its use is the requirement for a polymeric binder. Typically hydrophobic polymers such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) (Chang et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2009) or poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (Zhang et al, 2012) are used to bind activated carbon powder.…”