Preparation of a novel carbon-based solid acid from cocarbonized starch and polyvinyl chloride for cellulose hydrolysis

Shen, Shubao; Cai, Bei; Wang, Chunyan; Li, Huanmei; Dai, Guang; Qin, Haifeng

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2013.12.037

Cited by 74 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A similar observation has been reported by Quinlan et al (2015). The second weight loss is 14.79 % and started at temperature range of 250-323°C due to the loss of COO-from the polysaccharide, our assumption are in a good agrement with that found by Shen et al (2014). The final loss is about 7.05 % and observed at temperature range between 373 and 511°C, representing the degradation of the remaining material into carbon residues.…”

Section: Thermal Analysissupporting

confidence: 75%

Absorption of calcium ions on oxidized graphene sheets and study its dynamic behavior by kinetic and isothermal models

et al. 2016

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Sorption of calcium ion from the hard underground water using novel oxidized graphene (GO) sheets was studied in this paper. Physicochemical properties and microstructure of graphene sheets were investigated using Raman spectrometer, thermogravimetry analyzer, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope. The kinetics adsorption of calcium on graphene oxide sheets was examined using Lagergren first and second orders. The results show that the Lagergren secondorder was the best-fit model that suggests the conception process of calcium ion adsorption on the Go sheets. For isothermal studies, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used at temperatures ranging between 283 and 313 K. Thermodynamic parameters resolved at 283, 298 and 313 K indicating that the GO adsorption was exothermic spontaneous process. Finally, the graphene sheets show high partiality toward calcium particles and it will be useful in softening and treatment of hard water.

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Section: Thermal Analysissupporting

confidence: 75%

Absorption of calcium ions on oxidized graphene sheets and study its dynamic behavior by kinetic and isothermal models

et al. 2016

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“…35 The additions of magnetic Fe was first reported in 2011 to enhance the sorption performance and to benefit the solid−liquid phase separation of biochars. 31 By inducing sulfuric acid groups onto biochars as functional groups, a biochar-based solid acid catalyst was built for transesterification, 97,98 hydrolysis reactions, 30,99 and biodiesel production. 100,101 Liu et al has summarized five major directions for biochar modification, including activation, amination, oxidation, sulfonation, and recombination with supported nanostructures.…”

Section: Biochar Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Multiple and Multilevel Structures of Biochars and Their Potential Environmental Applications: A Critical Review

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

668

242

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Biochar is the carbon-rich product of the pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions, and it has received increasing attention due to its multiple functions in the fields of climate change mitigation, sustainable agriculture, environmental control, and novel materials. To design a "smart" biochar for environmentally sustainable applications, one must understand recent advances in biochar molecular structures and explore potential applications to generalize upon structure-application relationships. In this review, multiple and multilevel structures of biochars are interpreted based on their elemental compositions, phase components, surface properties, and molecular structures. Applications such as carbon fixators, fertilizers, sorbents, and carbon-based materials are highlighted based on the biochar multilevel structures as well as their structure-application relationships. Further studies are suggested for more detailed biochar structural analysis and separation and for the combination of macroscopic and microscopic information to develop a higher-level biochar structural design for selective applications.

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“…Carbon‐based solid acids feature advantages, such as high acid density, mechanical stability, and structural diversity. Therefore, these materials have been widely used in various reactions, such as esterification and transesterification, hydrolysis, dehydration, and alkylation . The earliest research report on carbon‐based solid acid was reported in 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of mesoporous double‐layer carbon microsphere‐based solid acid catalyst by hydrothermal method and its application in catalytic transesterification of waste frying oil

Yang

Wang

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Mesoporous double-layer carbon microspheres (DCSs) were synthesized using hollow tin(IV) oxide (SnO 2 ) microspheres as hard template and sucrose as carbon precursor via the hydrothermal method. Sulfonic acid groups (-SO 3 H) were introduced onto the surfaces of DCS by sulfuric acid heating and sulfanilic acid diazonium coupling, respectively, to form two solid acids (DCS-SS and DCS-DS, respectively). RESULTS: The transmission electron microscopy images showed that the carbon microspheres possessed a hollow double-layerstructure with diameters of about 200 to 300 nm and shell thickness of about 30 to 50 nm. Furthermore, the sulfonate treatments caused no changes in the morphology of carbon microspheres. The nitrogen (N 2 )-Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) results indicate that DCS, DCS-SS, and DCS-DS featured mesopores with an average pore size of 4.5 to 4.8 nm and BET surface areas of 75 m 2 /g, 57 m 2 /g, and 53 m 2 /g, respectively. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared results confirmed that the DCS-SS and DCS-DS contained a -SO 3 H group and their surface acid densities are 4.5 and 4.1 mmol/g, respectively.CONCLUSION: DCS-SS and DCS-DS were used to catalyze the transesterification of waste frying oil, and the highest yields of fatty acid methyl esters, that is, 85% and 80%, respectively, could be obtained. CONCLUSIONThe sulfonated mesoporous DCS (DCS-SS and DCS-DS) were successfully prepared. DCS-SS and DCS-DS possessed average pore sizes of 4.1 to 4.5 nm, BET surface area of 53 to 57 m 2 /g, J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2019; 94: [3538][3539][3540][3541][3542][3543][3544][3545][3546][3547]

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Preparation of a novel carbon-based solid acid from cocarbonized starch and polyvinyl chloride for cellulose hydrolysis

Cited by 74 publications

References 31 publications

Absorption of calcium ions on oxidized graphene sheets and study its dynamic behavior by kinetic and isothermal models

Absorption of calcium ions on oxidized graphene sheets and study its dynamic behavior by kinetic and isothermal models

Insight into Multiple and Multilevel Structures of Biochars and Their Potential Environmental Applications: A Critical Review

Preparation of mesoporous double‐layer carbon microsphere‐based solid acid catalyst by hydrothermal method and its application in catalytic transesterification of waste frying oil

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