Preparation of a magnetic polystyrene nanocomposite for dispersive solid-phase extraction of copper ions in environmental samples

Abstract

the core shell nanostructure of magnetic polystyrene (pS@fe 3 o 4) was prepared and its physic-chemical properties were studied ft-iR, SeM, teM, VSM and Bet + BJH. the new adsorbent was applied in the dispersive solid phase extraction technique for measuring copper ions in water, Soil and oyster samples. Analysis is carried out using a flame atomic absorption spectrometry system. Effective parameters on extraction efficiency, such as pH of extraction solution, sorbent dosage, contact time, concentration and volume of desorption eluent and desorption time were optimized using one at a time method. n 2 adsorption-desorption experiment resulted in high BET surface area (32.002 m 2 g −1) and large pore volume (0.1794 cm 3 g −1) for pS@ fe 3 o 4 nanocomposite. Under the optimum conditions, a calibration curve within the range of 5-40 ng mL −1 with an appropriate coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.9946 was obtained. Preconcentration factor (PF) and limit of detection (LOD) were found to be 55 and 1.6 ng mL −1 , respectively. the repeatability and reproducibility for three replicate measurements at the concentration of 25 ng mL −1 were 2.5%-1.4%, respectively. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were consistent to experimental data in adsorption mechanism study. The maximum adsorption capacity was 19.56 mg g −1 for Cu (II). Finally, the efficiency of the method was investigated for analysis of the copper in environmental samples and good relative recoveries (RR%) were obtained within the range of 99.2% to 101.2%. Environmental pollutants are one of the most important global challenges that cause the destruction of natural ecosystems. The development of industry, power plants, mining industries as well as agricultural activities helps to increase environmental pollutants in different forms and concentrations 1. Among these pollutants, heavy metals which enter the environment through industrial activities, natural deposits, plating plants, mining and alloy production 2 are important. The presence of heavy metals has adverse effects such as high blood pressure, speech disorders and memory loss on human health 3. High concentrations level of copper ions, as one of the environmental pollutants, cause cancer of the lungs, gastrointestinal and mucous irritation, liver and kidney problems 4. The high concentrations of copper ions in biological systems (more than 0.15 mg L −1 for fish and 0.01 mg per liter for invertebrates) can be fatal. In the agricultural sector, copper has the role of regulating the growth and reproduction of plants, and optimizing the amount of this element is important because copper deficiency can have adverse effects on photosynthesis, reproduction, protein formation and auxin regulation 5. Due to the fact that heavy metals are very stable and soluble, they can be absorbed by living organisms, so the removal of these metals is of great importance. Various methods e.g. membrane filtration, ion exchange, absorption, chemical precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction ...

Influence of the Polymeric Matrix on the Optical and Electrical Properties of Copper Porphine-Based Semiconductor Hybrid Films

“…The IR spectroscopy was performed with the purpose to identify the main bonds and chemical stability of CuP and polymers after the deposit of the hybrid films. FTIR spectra of films are illustrated in Figure 2 , and the observed IR bands and their assignments are recorded in Table 1 , which are in good agreement with the literature [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The presence of C–H groups was indicated by the bands at 2845 cm −1 (CH 3 asymmetric stretching), at 2925 ± 3 cm −1 (symmetrical CH 2 ), and 1441 ± 4, 1379 ± 7, 703 ± 1 cm −1 (asymmetrical CH 2 ) [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], whereas the presence of C-C was indicated by the band at 1462 ± 2 cm −1 [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 34 ].…”

“…FTIR spectra of films are illustrated in Figure 2 , and the observed IR bands and their assignments are recorded in Table 1 , which are in good agreement with the literature [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The presence of C–H groups was indicated by the bands at 2845 cm −1 (CH 3 asymmetric stretching), at 2925 ± 3 cm −1 (symmetrical CH 2 ), and 1441 ± 4, 1379 ± 7, 703 ± 1 cm −1 (asymmetrical CH 2 ) [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], whereas the presence of C-C was indicated by the band at 1462 ± 2 cm −1 [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 34 ]. Additionally, the presence of a pyrrole C-N bond as indicated by the band at 1021 ± 2 cm −1 [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 34 ], and the bands at 1066 and 844 ± 2 cm −1 are related to N-H vibration [ 14 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ,…”

Fast Gold Recovery from Aqueous Solutions and Assessment of Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Gold Composite

“…Chelating groups may be covalently bound to a polymer as pendant groups or incorporated into the repeating units of the polymer backbone by the polymerization of a suitable monomer containing the required chelating group. The presence of porous channels, their large surface area, and their unique chemical characteristics have led to the numerous potential applications of these porous materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Among them, the chelating polymer ligands based on glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) are very attractive, due to the presence of oxirane rings that can easily be transformed into various functional groups [18].…”

Polystyrene‐Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles Based Dispersive Micro‐Solid Phase Extraction of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients of Antidepressant Drugs and Determination by GC‐MS

“…Polymeric adsorbents present superior advantages over other adsorbents due to their properties such as high surface functionalities, high structural strength, suitability for green applications [30] and satisfactory reusability [31] . The combination of non‐magnetic adsorbents and magnetic inorganic materials ensures excellent adsorption efficiency and efficient separation of the adsorbent from the matrix with the help of an external magnetic field [32] …”