Preparation of a Highly Efficient Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Catalyst by Carbon Monoxide Treatment

Abstract

A carbon-supported ruthenium catalyst with barium promoter was prepared by carbon monoxide treatment and its application as a catalyst in ammonia synthesis. CO treatment of Ru catalyst supported on carbon led to the formation of carbon and the increase of the number of anhydride, ester, and hydroxyl groups along with the decrease of the amount of quinone. Ru catalyst with CO treatment showed excellent catalytic activities and thermal stability with respect to the catalyst without treatment because the formation of carbon during CO treatment would not only help to remove the superfluous hydrogen atoms by carbon gasification but also weaken the adsorption strength of hydrogen and nitrogen.

Effect of nitrogen co-doping with ruthenium on the catalytic performance of Ba/Ru–N-MC catalysts for ammonia synthesis

“…779.9 and 780.8 eV, assigning to BaO and BaCO 3 , respectively. 41,42 While the binding energy position of the Ba-Ru/N-MC catalyst is 779.6 and 780.5 eV. The binding energy of barium in the Ba/Ru-N-MC catalyst is positive shied compared with Ba-Ru/N-MC catalyst, suggesting that the N atom has a certain effect on the electronic state of Ba for the Ba/Ru-N-MC catalyst, which leads to the strong electron donating ability of Ba promoter in Ba/Ru-N-MC catalyst.…”

Morphology Effect of Ceria on the Catalytic Performances of Ru/CeO2 Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis

“…Currently, carbon-supported Ru catalyst is the only one which can be used in commercial application of the low-pressure ammonia synthesis . However, their application prospects still have a dispute because of the poor stability of Ru/C catalysts. , There is an urgent need for the active and long-lived catalysts for sustainable ammonia synthesis. CeO 2 has attracted much attention in the field of catalysis as a support, a promoter, or a catalyst.…”

Investigation on Deactivation of K‐promoted Ru Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis by CO Formation

“…It has been proposed that three different kinds of H species would desorb at different temperature range during H 2 ‐TPD study of K‐promoted Ru catalyst: below 220 °C, between 220–500 °C, and afterwards . There is a clear correlation between the H species desorbed at 50–500 °C and the ammonia synthesis rates, while the H species desorbed at above 500 °C might not involve in the reaction of ammonia synthesis . Only trace hydrogen can be detected below 220 °C because most sites of Ru metal would be affected by the surrounding promoter, and the quantity of hydrogen increases with the increase in Ru loading for the fresh samples (Figure ).…”