Preparation of a Double‐step Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Trace Quantification of Acyclovir Using TiO₂ Nanoparticle and β‐Cyclodextrin

Abstract

In this work we reported, a simple and reproducible double‐step modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) for recognition and designation of Acyclovir (ACV). In the first stage, for acquiring the structure of TiO2 NPs‐CPE, 5 % TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) doped into the electrode tissue. In the second stage, β‐Cyclodextrin (β‐CD) anchored on the TiO2 NPs‐CPE surface by electropolymerization which yields a β‐CD/TiO2 NPs‐CPE. Topography, characteristics and electrochemical response of the fabricated electrodes with such techniques as: the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), chronocoulometry (CC), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were analyzed. Also the spent TiO2 NPs powders were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results illustrated that this sensor designed efficiently increases the surface area of composite electrode and the performance of the oxidation of ACV at the surface modified electrode compared to the bare electrode improved. Under the desirable situations, the proposed of analytical procedure was proved to be applicable in two linear calibration ranges betwixt 0.09 to 2.98 and 2.98 to 47.61 μM. The detection limit was estimated for low concentrations ACV 21 nM (S/N=3). Eventually, the fabricated composite electrode was successfully applied for the detection of trace amounts of the ACV in the blood serum samples.

Cyclodextrins as Supramolecular Recognition Systems: Applications in the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors

“…Acidic conditions are generally used with the polymer being generated in slightly acidic phosphate buffer [133,134], or in the presence of HClO 4 [135,136]. These polyβ-CDs have been deposited at carbon paste electrodes [136,137], glassy carbon [138][139][140], and rGO decorated screen printed electrodes [129], and combined with CNTs [141,142], rGO [132,133,143], boron-doped rGO [134], TiO 2 [144], and gold nanoparticles [145].…”

A simple and low-cost electrochemical sensor based on a graphite sheet electrode modified by carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles for detection of acyclovir

“…Two linear regions with different slopes in the calibration curve were observed in other recent electrochemical measurements of valacyclovir, 57 acyclovir, 58 dopamine, 59 etc. and can be explained based on the mechanism behind the inner-sphere electrode reaction.…”

Electrochemical Derivatization of Acetaminophen for Indirect Determination of Eflornithine Using β‐CD Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

“…Thereafter, β-CD was deposited on the GCE by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in a 15-voltammetric cycle experiment in a potential window of À 2 V to 2 V at a scan rate of 100 mV/s. After electrodeposition of β-CD film, the electrode was washed with bidistilled water and was allowed to dry completely [41,42]. The modified electrode was characterized by CV, FESEM, EDS and FT-IR.…”