Preparation, mechanical, thermal and ablative properties of lightweight needled carbon fibre felt/phenolic resin aerogel composite with a bird's nest structure

Cheng, Haiming; Xue, Huafei; Hong, Changqing; Zhang, Xinghong

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.12.031

Cited by 137 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The great advantage of the sol-gel synthesis is the ability to fit the properties and nanostructure of materials by properly combining the synthesis conditions and the interactions between the different components. Carbon gels (such as, aero-, xero-or cryogels) can be obtained in different formats and with different micro/nanostructure from a wide number of monomers, although they are commonly prepared from resorcinol-formaldehyde (R-F) polymerization [4][5][6][7][8]. That reaction is typically catalyzed by weak bases (Na 2 CO 3 ) and starts with the formation of anions by deprotonation of the R molecule [8][9][10] favoring the subsequent F addition and then, the crosslinking in the RF-macromolecule for the formation of the organic gel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control of the porous structure of carbon gels is strongly important when these materials are designed to be used as adsorbents or catalysts. The structure of these materials consists of a 3D-network of spherical particles, leaving between them large volumes of macro or mesopores [5,10,12]. The size and arrangement of the primary particles, and consequently the macro-mesoporous structure of the samples, is controlled during the sol-gel process and determined by the composition of the starting solution (i.e., monomer, catalyst or solvent nature and concentration) or synthesis conditions (i.e., pH, temperature), and should be preserved during the drying process [10], supercritical drying being the best option to avoid the collapse of the porous structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When heterogeneous catalysts based on metallic compounds are developed, the active phases can be supported by classical deposition or impregnation methods [21], but also by doping the starting solutions of organic monomers with the soluble metal precursors [22], directly obtaining suitable metal-doped carbon gels to be used as catalysts. Both procedures have advantages and drawbacks which have been reported [5,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of Electrostatic Interactions During the Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Polymerization on the Characteristics of Mo-Doped Carbon Gels

et al. 2020

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The resorcinol (R)-formaldehyde (F) polymerization was carried out in different experimental conditions to obtain RF/Mo doped carbon xerogels with different morphology, porosity and nature and dispersion of metal. Attractive or repulsive electrostatic interactions were forced in the starting aqueous solution of RF-monomers using different synthesis conditions, namely, combinations of cationic or anionic surfactants, Mo-precursors and pH values. The results showed that when both cationic surfactant and Mo-precursor were used at neutral pH, attractive interactions with the anionic RF-macromolecules are favored during polymerization and the final carbon xerogel exhibited the most developed porosity and the strongest Mo-organic phase interaction, leading to deeper Mo-phase reduction during carbonization and the formation of highly-dispersed crystalline nanoparticles of Mo2C. On the contrary, the use of both anionic surfactant and Mo-precursor leads to repulsive interactions, which generates less porous carbon gels with a Mo-phase formed by large MoO3 platelet structures and low Mo-surface contents. RF/Mo-doped gels with intermediate properties were obtained by combining cationic and anionic surfactants, metal precursors or both. After carbonization, the obtained materials would be suitable to be used directly as catalysts with different physicochemical properties and active phases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Electrostatic Interactions During the Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Polymerization on the Characteristics of Mo-Doped Carbon Gels

et al. 2020

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“…At present, lightweight carbon/carbon fiber composites are mainly divided into two categories [13][14][15] according to the length of the fibers: (a) short-cut (fiber lengths in millimeters, such as 3-5 mm) and (b) long-cut (fiber lengths in centimeters, such as 10-15 cm) carbon/carbon fiber composites. Short-cut carbon/carbon fiber composites are mainly represented by SGL Group (Germany) and Morgan Corporation (USA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of lightweight carbon/carbon fiber composite thermal field insulation materials for high-temperature furnace

Wang

Hu²,

Lin³

et al. 2019

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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The main purpose of this work is to make lightweight carbon/carbon fiber composite with low density and low thermal conductivity for high-temperature furnace. Lightweight carbon/carbon fiber composite thermal field insulation materials were prepared by the process method of needle punching—molding curing high-temperature graphitization. The results show that the long carbon fiber in the carbon/carbon fiber composite forms a three-dimensional structure of X-Y-Z with a density of 0.16 ± 0.02 g/cm3, which makes the composite material have excellent thermal insulation performance at high temperature. The thermal conductivity of the carbon/carbon fiber composite at 2000°C is only 0.38 W/(m·K), and the impurity element content is only 19.09 ppm. The method of needle-punching-forming-felt high-temperature graphitization can provide some suggestions for the preparation of the lightweight long carbon fiber composite.

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“…Nanomaterials are a new type of highly effective thermal insulation materials. Numerous studies, both domestic and international, have been conducted on the thermal insulation performance of aerogel nanomaterials [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Since hypersonic vehicles entail strict limits on the weight and thickness of the thermal insulation materials used, not only must the latter meet the design requirements of light weight and efficient thermal insulation but its outer surface must also be able to withstand thermal erosion by hot air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical research on high‐temperature thermal insulation performance of lightweight porous ceramic/nanomaterial composite structure

Ren

Wu³

et al. 2019

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The thermal protection structure of hypersonic vehicles must meet the design requirements of high efficiency and light weight, and its heating surface must also be able to withstand thermal erosion by high‐speed and high‐temperature airflow. In this paper, a light‐weight porous ceramic material and a lightweight nanoscale thermal insulation material with excellent thermal insulation performance are combined to form an integrated thermal protection structure. Experimental study and numerical simulation of the structure's high‐temperature thermal insulation performance are carried out. The experimental results show that a composite sheet made from a 20 mm‐thick lightweight porous ceramic material and a 10 mm‐thick nanomaterial exhibit a temperature drop of 85 % between its back surface and front surface in four thermal environments (1200, 1000, 800 and 600 °C) at 1800 s. This indicates excellent thermal insulation performance of the composite sheet. In addition, the operating temperature limit (<1000 °C) is obtained through high‐temperature thermal performance tests on single‐layer nanomaterial sheets and scanning electron microscopy results. This provides an important basis for determining and optimizing the thickness ratio of the two materials in composite structure.

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Preparation, mechanical, thermal and ablative properties of lightweight needled carbon fibre felt/phenolic resin aerogel composite with a bird's nest structure

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

Influence of Electrostatic Interactions During the Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Polymerization on the Characteristics of Mo-Doped Carbon Gels

Influence of Electrostatic Interactions During the Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Polymerization on the Characteristics of Mo-Doped Carbon Gels

Preparation and properties of lightweight carbon/carbon fiber composite thermal field insulation materials for high-temperature furnace

Experimental and numerical research on high‐temperature thermal insulation performance of lightweight porous ceramic/nanomaterial composite structure

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