Preparation, characterization, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies of copper/zinc- loaded montmorillonite

Abstract

BackgroundA series of modified montmorillonites (Mt) including zinc-loaded Mt (Zn-Mt), copper-loaded Mt (Cu-Mt), copper/zinc-loaded Mt with different Cu/Zn ratio (Cu/Zn-Mt-1, Cu/Zn-Mt-2, Cu/Zn-Mt-3) were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction, and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The specific surface areas, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of the modified Mt were investigated.ResultsIn the modified Mt, hydrated Cu ions and Zn ions were exchanged in the interlayer space of Mt and the particles were irregular shapes. The results showed that Cu/Zn-Mt enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activity compared with Zn-Mt and Cu-Mt possibly due to the synergistic effect between Cu and Zn. Among the Cu/Zn-Mt with different Cu/Zn raitos, Cu/Zn-Mt with a Cu/Zn ratio of 0.98 or 0.51 showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), fungi (Candida albicans). Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of Cu/Zn-Mt was correlated with its specific surface area. Cytotoxicity studies on IPEC-J2 cell showed a slight cytotoxicity of Cu/Zn-Mt.ConclusionsThe current data provide clear evidence that in terms of its antimicrobial activity and relatively low toxicity, the Cu/Zn-Mt holds great promise for applications in animal husbandry.

Antimicrobial Nanocomposites Prepared from Montmorillonite/Ag+/Quaternary Ammonium Nitrate

“…represents O-H stretching vibrations [30] and the peak at 1638 cm −1 belongs to H-O-H bending vibrations [31]. This band, which is related to the ] 2 (H-O-H) bending vibration of water adsorbed on MMT, shifted from 1631 cm −1 in MMT to 1638 cm −1 for Ag-OMMT.…”

Copper/zinc-loaded montmorillonite influences intestinal integrity, the expression of genes associated with inflammation, TLR4–MyD88 and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in weaned pigs after LPS challenge

“…11 We have synthesized Cu/Zn-loaded Mt (Cu/Zn-Mt) and found that this composite has a synergic effect in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in vitro. 10 Our in vivo study showed that Cu/Zn-Mt had a beneficial effect in restoration of mucosal barrier integrity (unpublished data). However, whether the protective effect of Cu/Zn-Mt on intestinal integrity is related to alleviation of intestinal inflammation needs to be further investigated.…”

Reduction of Offensive Odor from Natural Rubber Using Zinc‐Modified Bentonite

“…e previous study in Philippine natural bentonite [24] detected montmorillonite, mordenite, and hectorite. e measured composition of natural bentonite (Table 1) 2+ complex on the surface of clay [25][26][27]. However, the expected shift of d 001 re ection to lower 2θ due to ion exchange and intercalation of zinc ions in the clay galleries [25][26][27] is not observed.…”

“…e measured composition of natural bentonite (Table 1) 2+ complex on the surface of clay [25][26][27]. However, the expected shift of d 001 re ection to lower 2θ due to ion exchange and intercalation of zinc ions in the clay galleries [25][26][27] is not observed. e lower ionic concentration and larger size of Zn 2+ than that of Ca 2+ have limited the intercalation and swelling of bentonite [28].…”

“…For zinc-modi ed bentonite, the band broadening from 1070 to 1270 cm −1 along with the appearance of new bands at 603 and 669 cm −1 suggests the presence of bassanite [34]. Moreover, the slight increase in band intensity of OH stretching indicates hydrated Ca 2+ and Zn 2+ ions [27]. SEM micrograph (Figure 3) shows no evident change in surface morphology of bentonite after zinc modi cation.…”