Preparation and tribological properties of nanometer magnesium borate as lubricating oil additive

Hu, Zeshan; Lai, Ruiyun; Lou, Fang; Wang, L.G; Chen, Z.L; Chen, G.X; Dong, Junhang

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(01)00862-6

Cited by 209 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In these published articles, special attention has been paid to the tribological properties of the produced borate species and it was claimed that nano-sized metal borate species had significant role in reducing friction and wear properties when added into base oils. However, the lubricating property of the surfactant was not considered and the characterization of the metal borates was not completed in these studies [12][13][14]. The lubricating ability of sorbitan monolaurate and ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate in paraffin oil were verified and as compared to paraffin oil, wear scar diameter was reduced four times, while the friction coefficient was reduced six times as reported by Wasilewski and Sulek [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…With the help of lubricants, the contact zones of moving parts can not come in direct contact with each other and the lubricants prevent the increase in temperature causing adhesion, scuffing, or even welding [11]. In literature many studies were conducted for the preparation of nano-sized metal borates by supercritical fluid drying technique and the dispersion of these species in the base oil by using sorbitan monostearate surfactant [12][13][14]. In these published articles, special attention has been paid to the tribological properties of the produced borate species and it was claimed that nano-sized metal borate species had significant role in reducing friction and wear properties when added into base oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Savrık

Balköse

Ülkü

2010

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Lubricating oil additives based on boron compounds are promising materials for lubrication due to their tribological advantages such as antiwear efficiency, good film strength, and high temperature resistance. This article deals with the preparation of zinc borate particles that are well dispersed and colloidally stabilized in mineral oil. This method starts with preparing two inverse emulsions (water-in-oil) with sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) as a surfactant, light neutral oil as a continuous phase, and the aqueous solutions of borax decahydrate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 Á10H 2 O) and zinc nitrate (Zn(NO 3 ) 2 Á6H 2 O) as the dispersed phases. The produced particles were zinc borate crystals having both rod-like and spherical morphologies, and the diameters of spherical particles were changing between 20 and 30 nm. FTIR spectra of the obtained particles showed the characteristic peaks of trihedral borate (B(3)-O) and tetrahedral borate (B(4)-O) groups as well as the specific peaks of the sorbitan monostearate. TG showed 30.42% and 22.08% mass loss at 600°C for the samples prepared by inverse emulsion and precipitation techniques, respectively. The endothermic peak at 50°C is observed due to the melting of sorbitan monostearate and the heat of melting is evaluated as -3.50 J/g. Tribological studies revealed that sorbitan monostearate not only outperformed as a dispersing agent of inorganic particles, but also it proved to be an anti-wear agent. Zinc borate produced by precipitation decreased the wear scar diameter from 1.402 to 0.639 mm and the friction coefficient from 0.099 to 0.064. The inverse emulsion was effective in decreasing wear scar diameter and the friction coefficient by lowering them to 0.596 and 0.089 mm, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Savrık

Balköse

Ülkü

2010

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…11,12 The production of nanosized metal borates was studied using supercritical ethanol drying and supercritical CO 2 drying. 13,14 Supercritical CO 2 drying has been utilized in many applications owing to the fact that carbon dioxide is inexpensive, environmentally benign, not flammable, nontoxic and can be regenerated easily by a cycle system. The preparation of nanometer copper borate with supercritical carbon dioxide drying was studied by Hu and co-workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Drying of Methanol−Zinc Borate Mixtures

Gönen

Balköse

Gupta

et al. 2009

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) drying of zinc borate species was investigated to evaluate possible chemical alterations in the product during the drying. Methanol-wetted zinc borates produced either from borax decahydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate (2ZnO · 3B 2 O 3 · 7H 2 O) or from zinc oxide and boric acid (2ZnO · 3B 2 O 3 · 3H 2 O) were dried by both conventional and supercritical carbon dioxide drying methods. Zinc borate samples dried by both techniques were characterized using analytical titration, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that while zinc borate obtained from zinc oxide and boric acid did not have any chemical interaction with CO 2 , carbonates were formed on the surface of zinc borate obtained from borax decahydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The main factor for the carbonate formation during supercritical CO 2 drying is anticipated as the structural differences of zinc borate species. CO 2 is a nonpolar solvent, and it does not usually react with polar substances unless water is present in the medium. While 2ZnO · 3B 2 O 3 · 3H 2 O had three bound OH groups, 2ZnO · 3B 2 O 3 · 7H 2 O had five bound OH groups and one mole of water of crystallization. It is proposed that the water of crystallization reacts with CO 2 forming carbonic acid. Then, carbonic acid, which is stronger than boric acid, substitutes borate ions from their zinc salts.

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“…[3][4][5] show that nanoparticle additives play the role of ball bearings between friction surfaces, resulting in decreased friction and wear. Further studies, described in [6][7][8], show that nanoparticle additives can also form a protective film over friction surfaces. Study [9] describes the formation of nanoparticle additive depositions on contact surfaces which compensate the loss of material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Researches on Tie Rod Ends Lubricated by Grease with TiO₂ and ZrO₂ Nanoparticles

Woźniak

Siczek

Kubiak

et al. 2018

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. The nanoparticles of some materials can be used successfully to improve tribological properties through decreasing both wear and friction borne out of contact between the contact surfaces of elements in different devices, particularly vehicles. Nanoparticles of TiO2 and ZrO2 were chosen as additives to the lithium grease lubricating the contact surfaces in tie rod ends. The object of study was the steel ball -the component of the tie rod end -mating with the polymer insert and lubricated with the pure lithium grease or containing the addition of pure TiO2, pure ZrO2 nanoparticles, with a 1%wt. Studies on friction were carried out using the tester allowing cyclical rotational motion and different loading of contact. Wear was investigated by driving a car, whose tie rod ends were analysed, on a fixed 'eight'-shape track and with a fixed velocity pattern. The aim of the study was to obtain the values and waveforms of friction moment and wear versus cycles, loading and composition of lubricating grease. The waveforms of friction coefficient were obtained using the FEM model of the analysed contact zone. Based on the obtained waveforms, recommendations for the composition of additives for lithium grease were made.

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Preparation and tribological properties of nanometer magnesium borate as lubricating oil additive

Cited by 209 publications

References 6 publications

Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Drying of Methanol−Zinc Borate Mixtures

Researches on Tie Rod Ends Lubricated by Grease with TiO₂ and ZrO₂ Nanoparticles

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Preparation and tribological properties of nanometer magnesium borate as lubricating oil additive

Cited by 209 publications

References 6 publications

Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Synthesis of zinc borate by inverse emulsion technique for lubrication

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Drying of Methanol−Zinc Borate Mixtures

Researches on Tie Rod Ends Lubricated by Grease with TiO2 and ZrO2 Nanoparticles

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Researches on Tie Rod Ends Lubricated by Grease with TiO₂ and ZrO₂ Nanoparticles