Preparation and structural characterization of melamine–methylurea–formaldehyde resin and its blends separately with ethyl cellulose, starch, teakwood, and almond shell powders by ¹³C NMR, IR, TGA, and SEM techniques

Abstract

Melamine-methylurea-formaldehyde (MMUF) polymer resin was prepared by condensation polymerization and the molecular weight was determined by viscometry. It was blended with dried starch and ethyl cellulose, and cellulose and hemicellulose-rich teakwood and lignocellulose-rich almond shell dried powders separately. The structural characterization of resin with 13 C NMR and IR spectroscopy, and morphological studies on the resin and blends were undertaken with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The micrographs of the starch and ethyl cellulose have found resemblance with pure resin while teakwood and almond powders have been found to differ in structure from starch and ethyl cellulose due to crack masks in the bulk structure. The different weight loss at different temperatures of the blends was observed, which proves that blending materials do control the weight loss of resin with TGA or curing.

Study of Transition States of Melamine for Micromixing with Wax Emulsion+4‐Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate, Estimated with SEM Technique

“…The B and V 2 0 constants along with slope values are plotted in Figures 2a -2c, and is evident that both B and V 2 0 decrease with K by 1.01858 and 1.78589 mol kg 21 (Table 2) with a continuous decrease reveals less energy for micromixing and dispersion at higher temperature. The V 2 0 and B functions [1] denote disruption of water structure and conformational transition due to hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions.…”

“…The interactions of the poly(acrylic acid) treated melamine with the matrix film results in a change in melamine surface texture. An evidence of surfactant supported micromixing opens the possibility of using polymeric surfactants such as, amphiphilic block copolymer, [21] in the novel application especially in situations that require good particle-particle interactions.…”

Physicochemical studies of globular proteins—Bovine serum albumin, egg albumin, and lysozyme—In some aqueous iodide salts solutions of IA group and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide systems

“…Both of the studies focus the physicochemical characterization of the globular proteins with all the members of the said group with increasing order of the size and the orbitals. It infers that electronic structure scrutinizes the protein-salt interactions, perhaps the size due to weakening the ionic charge develops 23 ] error in the q and h values. q, densities; h, viscosities; V / , apparent molar volumes; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CTAB, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide systems; LiI, lithium iodide; NaI, sodium iodide; KI, potassium iodide; g, gram; M, molar; c.p., centi poise; s, second; cm, centimeter.…”

New Materials for Biosensor Construction

“…A molecular potential before mixing is zero but on mixing is not zero due to interactions (20). For example, oil and water (21) are not much soluble due to weaker interactions (22) but the BOA conceptually explains interactions extended to simple organic or inorganic complexes (23). In such situations the forces inside within a molecule are confined to a centre of control.…”