Preparation and structural characterization of pullulan and whey protein isolate-based electrospun nanofiber

Replacing pullulan with sodium caseinate to enhance the properties of pullulan nanofibres

“…NaCAS solution cannot be electrospun due to the high elasticity of the solution resulting from globular structures and intermolecular and intramolecular forces of protein molecules (Ardestani et al ., 2023). For NaCAS solutions to become spinnable, another polymer with a different structure and ability to create secondary bonds with the protein must be added, such as natural polymers like pullulan (Ali et al ., 2024) and soy protein amyloid fibrils (Dong et al ., 2023) and synthetic polymers like polyvinyl alcohol and polyethene oxide (Minaei et al ., 2019). High PUL ratio mixed solutions (≥50%) (w/w) demonstrated good rotatability because PUL's distinct linear binding pattern endowed PUL with an adhesive quality and the capacity to create composite nanofibres.…”