Preparation and properties of pressureless infiltrated SiC and AlN particulate reinforced metal ceramic composites based on bronze and iron alloys

Krauß, G.; Kübler, Jakob; Trentini, E.

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(02)00044-8

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The reactive layers formed most likely after the infiltration front had passed. Improved wettability of the melt due to dissolution of the activator at the infiltration front and the formation of a reactive layer at the infiltration front, which are the mechanisms proposed in other activated infiltration systems, [23,24] may, therefore, be excluded for the present case.…”

Section: Activation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Vasic¹,

Grobéty²,

Kuebler³

et al. 2009

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal matrix composites (MMC) represent a class of materials of broad technological and commercial significance designed for applications where the contrasting material properties of both metals and ceramics are needed. [1] MMC combine the high strength and wear resistance of ceramics with the ductility as well as the thermal and electrical conductivity of metals. The ceramic phase within the metal matrix guarantees a failure-tolerant behavior and low thermal expansion. [2] Many fabrication routes have been described in previous studies, [3] the most important ones are pressureless and pressure assisted metal melt infiltration techniques as well as powder metallurgical methods. The choice of a suitable manufacturing route is conditioned by cost factors, form flexibility and production temperature, [3,4] For certain applications in the food, pharmaceutical and automotive industry, the required properties are best met by composites made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and high-melting Fe-based alloys (>1400 8C) such as X3CrNi13-4. [5][6][7][8][9] Pressureless infiltration would be the manufacturing route of choice for many of these applications, but the alumina-steel system lacks an important prerequisite, that makes infiltration without pressure possible: Oxide ceramics in general, due to their ionic character, show bad wettability by metal melts. The equilibrium contact angle u Y , which depends on the surface tensions of the phases involved, is given by Young's equation [10][11][12] (Eq. 1):and is in general well over 908 for such systems. [13][14][15][16] It is therefore not surprising that steel melts do not wet alumina surfaces.Pressure assisted infiltration and previous activation of the metal and/or the ceramic preform by incorporating reactive metals like titanium (Ti) are the two methods at disposal to circumvent the wettability problem. [2,7] Moreover, it was shown that a pressure drop within preforms, caused by the reaction of reactive metals such as e.g. Ni, Ti or Al and thus generation of a vacuum atmosphere is favorable for successful infiltration. [17] Applying pressure to the melt allows overcoming the negative capillary forces, but the pressurizing systems are technically demanding. The addition of a reactive element such as Ti enhances the infiltration performance either by lowering the surface tension of the metal melt and/or by the reactive modification of the ceramic surface. [18] It is well known that the addition of Ti to brazing solders for joining ceramic components lowers the contact angle of the metal melt with alumina due to the formation of a reactive layer. [19,20] Addition of titanium to steel melts lowers the surface tension, although there is a large spread in the data which are due to the presence or absence of surface active species in the gas phase. The formation of a TiO x reactive layer, and also modification of fluid flow and active metal adsorption are additional mechanisms that have been postulated to enhance wettability. [21,22] The activator may be prealloyed into the metal or dis...

show abstract

Section: Activation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23] This technique was successfully applied to infiltrate porous SiC and AlN preforms with bronze and Fe-base alloys. [24] The Ti in this case forms a reactive, wettable TiC layer on the surface of the carbide grains. Activated alumina preforms were infiltrated by Fe-and Ni-base alloys, but in this case the activation mechanism has not been demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Vasic¹,

Grobéty²,

Kuebler³

et al. 2009

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The quality of this joint, determining good transfer of loads between components, depends mainly on the ceramic surface wettability by the molten metal [16]. The problem related to the lack of wettability in the ceramic-metal system is particularly important in the case of obtaining composites by the method of porous preform infiltration without using a higher pressure, in which a vital role is played by capillary forces [17]. A solution is offered by techniques which involve modifying the ceramic surface e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Tests of Cellular SiC/Iron Alloy Composite Produced by a Pressureless Infiltration Technique

Lipowska

Psiuk

Cholewa

et al. 2017

Archives of Foundry Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preliminary tests aimed at obtaining a cellular SiC/iron alloy composite with a spatial structure of mutually intersecting skeletons, using a porous ceramic preform have been conducted. The possibility of obtaining such a composite joint using a SiC material with an oxynitride bonding and grey cast iron with flake graphite has been confirmed. Porous ceramic preforms were made by pouring the gelling ceramic suspension over a foamed polymer base which was next fired. The obtained samples of materials were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic observations as well as investigations into the chemical composition in microareas. It was found that the minimum width of a channel in the preform, which in the case of pressureless infiltration enables molten cast iron penetration, ranges from 0.10 to 0.17 mm. It was also found that the ceramic material applied was characterized by good metal wettability. The ceramics/metal contact area always has a transition zone (when the channel width is big enough), where mixing of the components of both composite elements takes place.

show abstract

“…The grinding loss not only consumes a lot of metal material, but also causes huge economic loss and heavy casualties. So revealing the mechanism and improving the wear resistance of the gray iron matrix are significant.The ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites (CPRMMCs) can combine the advantages of ceramics and metals, and exhibit relative high strength and wear resistance, so they have attracted more and more attention [3][4][5][6] . Ceramic particles, such as wolfram…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and wear characteristics of ATZ ceramic particle reinforced gray iron matrix surface composites

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2018

China Foundry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

G ray iron is one of the most common cast iron and widely used as a kind of cast material due to its low cost, outstanding castability and excellent machinability [1,2] . However, the poor wear resistance is a fatal weakness for the gray iron. As we all know, wear is one of the main failure modes of metallic materials and about seventy percent of mechanical damage is caused by various forms of wear and tear. The grinding loss not only consumes a lot of metal material, but also causes huge economic loss and heavy casualties. So revealing the mechanism and improving the wear resistance of the gray iron matrix are significant.The ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites (CPRMMCs) can combine the advantages of ceramics and metals, and exhibit relative high strength and wear resistance, so they have attracted more and more attention [3][4][5][6] . Ceramic particles, such as wolfram Abstract:The alumina toughened zirconia (ATZ) ceramic particle reinforced gray iron matrix surface composite was successfully manufactured by pressureless infiltration. The porous preform played a key role in the infiltrating progress. The microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); the phase constitutions was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD); and the hardness and wear resistance of selected specimens were tested by hardness testing machine and abrasion testing machine, respectively. The addition of high carbon ferrochromium powders leads to the formation of white iron during solidification. The wear volume loss rates of ATZ ceramic particle reinforced gray iron matrix surface composite decreases first, and then tends to be stable. The wear resistance of the composite is 2.7 times higher than that of gray iron matrix. The reason is a combination of the surface hardness increase of gray iron matrix and ATZ ceramic particles and alloy carbides protecting effect on gray iron matrix.Key words: metal-matrix surface composites; pressureless infiltrating; particle-reinforcement; surface alloying; wear testing carbide (WC), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium carbide (TiC) and silicon carbide (SiC), are now commonly used as the particle reinforcement [7][8][9][10][11][12] . WC ceramic particle reinforced iron matrix surface composites were produced using the V-EPC infiltration casting process by Li et al., and the composites' wear resistance was 1.5-5.2 times higher than that of the high chromium cast iron [13] . WC ceramic particle with good wettability and high hardness was used in the research [10] , but its higher price and the greater difference of thermal expansion coefficient from that of iron limit its use in the large scale production. Alumina toughened zirconia (ATZ) ceramic is becoming an important reinforcement particle to iron and steel because of its great performance/ price ratio, high hardness, high fracture toughness, and comparable thermal expansion coefficient [14] .ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 ceramic particle reinforced Cr25 matrix composites were fabricated using the infiltration casting process by Zheng et ...

show abstract

Preparation and properties of pressureless infiltrated SiC and AlN particulate reinforced metal ceramic composites based on bronze and iron alloys

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Preliminary Tests of Cellular SiC/Iron Alloy Composite Produced by a Pressureless Infiltration Technique

Microstructure and wear characteristics of ATZ ceramic particle reinforced gray iron matrix surface composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Preparation and properties of pressureless infiltrated SiC and AlN particulate reinforced metal ceramic composites based on bronze and iron alloys

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al2O3 Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al2O3 Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Preliminary Tests of Cellular SiC/Iron Alloy Composite Produced by a Pressureless Infiltration Technique

Microstructure and wear characteristics of ATZ ceramic particle reinforced gray iron matrix surface composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy

Activation Mechanism and Infiltration Kinetic for Pressureless Melt Infiltration of Ti Activated Al₂O₃ Preforms by High Melting Alloy