Preparation and Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose/Fish Gelatin Composite Film

Abstract

As a natural macromolecule-based biomaterial, fish gelatin is used in medical materials for its low pathogen infection risk. However, because of poor mechanical properties, its application has been limited. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose-reinforced fish gelatin (FG/MCC) composite films were prepared with a biological cross-linking agent (genipin) under ultrasonic treatment. SEM micrographs showed that the smooth microstructure of FG film became increasingly disordered with the addition of MCC. The infrared spectrum analysis (FTIR) demonstrated the existence of hydrogen bond interaction between MCC and FG. Compared with the pure FG film, the tensile strength (TS) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of composite films with MCC were improved, and the elongation at break (EAB) and swelling ratios (SR) were decreased. Ultrasonic treatment could further improve TS, MOE, and SR. When the composite film was prepared with 15% MCC and treated with ultrasound, the TS and MOE increased by 115% and 227%, respectively, while the EAB decreased by 35% and the SR decreased by 4% in comparison with pure FG films. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the FG/MCC composite films were stable below 100 °C. The above results indicate that the FG/MCC films have optimistic application prospects in the biomedical field.

Multilayer Films Based on Poly(lactic acid)/Gelatin Supplemented with Cellulose Nanocrystals and Antioxidant Extract from Almond Shell By-Product and Its Application on Hass Avocado Preservation

“…Similar microstructural findings were reported for poly(ε-caprolactone)-based films containing an almond shell extract [33], edible films gelatin-based with oregano extract [36] and tilapia skin gelatin incorporated with an ethanolic extract from coconut husk [37]. In a different study, the addition of microcrystalline cellulose into a fish gelatin film was reported [38],…”

Improving Dyeing Properties of Cotton Fabrics to Natural Dyes with Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) [Mejora de las propiedades de teñido de telas de algodón a tintes naturales con nanocristales de celulosa (CNC)]

“…Figure 2 shows an FTIR spectrum of cellulose nanocrystals sample in the wavelength range of 600-4000 cm -1 . The vibrations located at 3292 cm -1 and 3335 cm -1 are assigned to the inter-and intermolecular O-H group (Abidi et al, 2010;Pan et al, 2020). The peaks in the wavenumber range of 2750 2950 cm -1 are ascribed to C-H stretching vibration modes of -CH, -CH2, and -CH3 groups (Marchessault et al, 1960).…”

Recent Applications of Biopolymers Derived from Fish Industry Waste in Food Packaging

“…A popular and attracting strategy for the realization of active packaging from fish gelatin is based on the reinforcing with different types of nanofillers [86] such as nano-SiO2 particles [159], nanoclays (montmorillonite, sepiolite, halloysite) [160,161], polysaccharide nanofillers (nanowhiskers, nanofibers, micro and nanocrystalline cellulose) [162][163][164][165][166][167] metal ions like silver, copper, etc., metal oxides nanoparticles such as ZnO [168,169] The water barrier properties have been improved by laminating fish gelatin films with moisture resistant biodegradable polymers in a multi-layer film with optimized moisture and oxygen barriers for specific package and conditions [53]. Martucci et al [152] obtained a three-layer gelatin film by hot compression of sodium montmorillonite-plasticized gelatin as the inner layer and cross-linked dialdehyde starch and plasticized gelatin films as the outer layers.…”

“…A popular and attracting strategy for the realization of active packaging from fish gelatin is based on the reinforcing with different types of nanofillers [ 86 ] such as nano-SiO 2 particles [ 159 ], nanoclays (montmorillonite, sepiolite, halloysite) [ 160 , 161 ], polysaccharide nanofillers (nanowhiskers, nanofibers, micro and nanocrystalline cellulose) [ 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 ] metal ions like silver, copper, etc., metal oxides nanoparticles such as ZnO [ 168 , 169 ] or TiO 2 [ 170 ]), coconut husk [ 171 ], or chitosan nanoparticles [ 172 , 173 ]. The data reported in the literature confirm the improvement of their performance in food packaging systems thanks to the large interfacial area between the nanofiller and the biopolymer matrix [ 174 ].…”