Preparation and Properties of Glycol Glycoside Polyethers for Rigid Urethane Foams

“…Transglycosylation reaction between starch and ethylene glycol has been studied [10] to obtain a mixture of isomeric glycol glycosides that exhibits a potential use as a polyol raw material for surfactant and rigid urethane foam manufacture. A reactive extrusion process has been carried out [11] whereby the transglycosylation reaction of starch can also be performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Polyurethanes based on Castor Oil Chemically Modified with Yucca Starch Glycoside

Valero

Pulido

Hernández

et al. 2009

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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We present novel polyurethanes from renewable materials of castor oil and starch. Castor oil is transesterified with pentaerythritol in order to obtain a wide range of polyols. Yucca starch is converted into glycoside through transglycosylation reactions with ethylene glycol and glycerol. The glycosides from starch are then chemically incorporated to the castor oil polyols by a second transesterification reaction to generate a sequence of polyol-glycosides with a high level of polyhydroxyl content. These products are characterized by the hydroxyl value, viscosity, and specific gravity as a function of the glycoside type content and the kind of castor oil polyol prepared. MALDI TOF mass spectroscopy is used to find the mass fraction of glycosides and polyol-glycosides. Polyurethanes are synthesized from the polyol-glycosides by reaction with isophorone diisocyanate, under different NCO/OH molar ratios. The polymer characterization is accomplished by Fourier transform infrared analysis, tensile stress—strain tests, Shore A hardness, thermogravimetric analysis, chemical resistance to solvents, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis.

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“…Rigid urethane foam is synthesized from polyether polyols (PEP) and polyisocyanate (PAPI) in the presence of catalyst, surfactant, blowing agent, and other additives, while polyether polyols are usually made from propoxylation of low-cost materials such as sugars and their derivatives. The most widely used sugar for preparing PEP in industry is sucrose (Meath and Booth, 1977;Knodel, 1975) while less used sugars include maltitol (Takeda Chemical Industries, 1965), alkyl glycosides (Wilham et al, 1975;Otey et al, 1963Otey et al, , 1976Otey et al, , 1978, and modified cornstarch (Cunningham et al, 1992). Whey permeate generated from the cheese industry causes a serious economic and environmental problem (Zall, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane Rigid Foam Derived from Reduced Sweet Whey Permeate

Hwang

Kurth

et al. 1997

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Low-pressure propoxylation of reduced whey permeate (RWP) with different water contents (12.7 and 33.4%) under alkaline conditions afforded polyether polyols (PEP) which have been characterized by their 1 H-NMR, HPLC, hydroxyl number, viscosity, unsaturation content, and alpha color. The results were compared with those from lactitol-and sucrose-based polyether polyols (LPEP and SPEP, respectively). Compared with LPEP and SPEP, polyether polyols from reduced whey permeate (RWP-PEP) showed relatively higher hydroxyl number, lower viscosity, and a similar degree of unsaturation. RWP-PEP was generally darker in color. In addition, polyurethane rigid foams (PURFs) from RWP-PEP, LPEP, and commercial sucrose-glycerin-based polyols (Voranol-PEP) were prepared and characterized. All PURFs made from RWP-PEP have low densities (from 28 to 29 kg/m 3 ) and high closed cell contents (>73%). Compressive strength ranged from 13 to 17 kg × 1000/m 2 at 10% deformation. These foams have similar thermal stability as the commercial foams.

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Preparation and Properties of Glycol Glycoside Polyethers for Rigid Urethane Foams

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

One-Shot Rigid Urethane Foam from Starch-Derived Polyethers

One-Shot Rigid Urethane Foam from Starch-Derived Polyethers

Preparation and Properties of Polyurethanes based on Castor Oil Chemically Modified with Yucca Starch Glycoside

Polyurethane Rigid Foam Derived from Reduced Sweet Whey Permeate

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