Preparation and properties of a carboxyl‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile toughened epoxy/montmorillonite nanocomposite

Lee, Hun-Bong; Kim, Ho-Gyum; Yoon, Keun‐Byoung; Lee, Dong‐Ho; Min, Kyung‐Eun

doi:10.1002/app.30111

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, the increment from 3 wt.% to 5 wt.% is not very obvious. According to Lee et al [16] , a good dispersion of clay particles coupled with good interfacial interaction will increase the stress transfer effi ciency to the silicate layer, thus leading to the improvement of tensile strength. However, when adding higher amount of MMT, the dispersion of MMT is not ideal and the intercalation is not complete, therefore the tensile decreases [16] .…”

Section: Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of MMT as reinforcement on rheological behavior, mechanical and morphological properties of recycled PET/ABS thermoplastic nanocomposites

Razak

Arsad

Rahmat³

et al. 2012

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of incorporating nanofi ller, montmorillonite (MMT) on mechanical, morphological and rheological properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) nanocomposites. The MMT contents in 70:30 ABS/rPET and 30:70 ABS/rPET ranged from 1 to 5 wt .% . The ABS/rPET nanocomposites were extruded and injection-molded into tensile, fl exural and impact test samples. Samples underwent rheological testing by using melt fl ow index (MFI) and capillary rheometer and the morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated by using fi eld emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The maximum tensile strength and fl exural strength were at 1 wt. % of MMT for both blends. However, tensile modulus and fl exural modulus reached maximum point at 3 wt. % and started to decrease beyond 3 wt.% of MMT. Impact strength for both blending decreased signifi cantly with the incorporation of MMT. MFI values decreased with the increment of MMT for 30:70 ABS/rPET, but increased for 70:30 ABS/rPET. The incorporation of MMT increased the melt strength of 30:70 ABS/rPET nanocomposites. Shear viscosity showed increment with the increasing MMT concentration for 30:70 ABS/rPET nanocomposites. However, shear viscosity decreased with the increment of MMT for 70:30 ABS/rPET. FESEM micrographs show good distribution and dispersion of MMT in 30:70 ABS/rPET, but poor dispersion and agglomeration of MMT in 70:30 ABS/rPET.

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Section: Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of MMT as reinforcement on rheological behavior, mechanical and morphological properties of recycled PET/ABS thermoplastic nanocomposites

Razak

Arsad

Rahmat³

et al. 2012

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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“…The morphology and performance of such hybrid systems were explored in detail in previous reports. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] The role of clay modifier on the behaviour of epoxy/clay/liquid rubber hybrid has not been reported yet. Hence, in the current work, the role of clay modifier on morphology and properties of epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites cured with nadic methyl anhydride is studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Puglia

P³

et al. 2016

Materials Technology

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Epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrids were prepared with two different organically modified clays. Octadecyl amine and trimethyl stearyl ammonium-modified nanoclays (Nanomer I.30E and I.28E, respectively) were used. The dispersion of the nanoclay in binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, and the observed morphological details were explained by the prediction of solubility parameter for each component in the nanocomposites. The effect of clay modifier on cure characteristics of binary epoxy/clay and epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid nanocomposites was studied using rheological analysis. Glass transition temperatures (T g ) and thermal stability of binary and hybrid nanocomposites were also measured. The reduced cross-link density via epoxy homopolymerization, the plasticizing effect of clay modifier/dissolved liquid rubber and the interfacial adhesion between the polymer and the clay platelets were found to affect the Tg of epoxy/clay/CTBN hybrid. In epoxy/clay/ CTBN hybrid, the thermal stability was mainly attributed to the presence of CTBN which hide the effect of clay modifiers.

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“…They reported that such materials have the combined benefits of developing improved matrix material with higher fracture energy, without compromising the other desired mechanical and thermal properties of the cured epoxy system [16][17][18][19]. Liu et al [18] studied the mechanical and the thermal behavior of epoxy nanocomposites modified with organoclay and rubber and correlated the morphology with the blend performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They observed a superposition effect on fracture toughness of the hybrid epoxy nanocomposites modified with both rubber and organoclay. Recently, Lee et al [19] prepared CTBN-toughened epoxy/montmorillonite nanocomposite using two different preparation methods and found that the preparation method of the nanocomposite has a slight effect on the mechanical properties. Even though the preparation and properties of the epoxy/rubber/clay nanocomposites have been studied in detail by various researchers, the cure kinetic studies on these resin systems were not reported yet in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nanoclay and carboxyl-terminated (butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) rubber on the reaction induced phase separation and cure kinetics of an epoxy/cyclic anhydride system

et al. 2012

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The effects of nano clay, carboxyl-terminated (butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) liquid rubber and the combination of both on the cure kinetics of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)-based epoxy resin/nadic methyl anhydride were studied. Cure kinetics studies were carried out by performing dynamic and isothermal differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) experiments. The dynamic DSC experiments were carried out at four different heating rates. Dynamic kinetic modeling was performed using Kissinger and Ozawa approaches. Since these methods are based exclusively on the maximum rate of cure, which occurs approximately at the beginning of the cure reaction, the activation energy calculated using these methods is valid only for the initial stage of the cure. The clay (3 phr) filled epoxy system has an activation energy 24 % lower than the unfilled system. The role of the surfactant chemistry on the initial stage of the cure reaction was also studied. A plausible reaction mechanism which involves the effect of the nanoclay surfactant as an accelerator of the cure reaction was proposed. The phase separated CTBN rubber hindered the cure reaction and has 3 % higher activation energy for epoxy/CTBN system than the unfilled system. In the ternary epoxy/3 phr clay/15 phr CTBN system, the accelerating effect of clay on cure was highlighted. The cure activation observed in the presence of clay overshadows the hindrance created by the phase separated CTBN. Isothermal DSC scans were carried out at five different temperatures. The experimental datas showed an autocatalytic behavior of the reaction, and the isothermal modeling was carried out by Kamal autocatalytic model. The results showed a very good agreement within the whole conversion range for the unfilled and all the filled systems. The evolution of the morphology and phase separation was also studied using optical and scanning electron microscope. Faster cure reaction resulted in smaller phase-separated CTBN particles in epoxy/clay/CTBN ternary system as compared with those observed in epoxy/ CTBN binary blend.

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Preparation and properties of a carboxyl‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile toughened epoxy/montmorillonite nanocomposite

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Influence of MMT as reinforcement on rheological behavior, mechanical and morphological properties of recycled PET/ABS thermoplastic nanocomposites

Influence of MMT as reinforcement on rheological behavior, mechanical and morphological properties of recycled PET/ABS thermoplastic nanocomposites

The role of clay modifier on cure characteristics and properties of epoxy/clay/carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) hybrid

Effect of nanoclay and carboxyl-terminated (butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) (CTBN) rubber on the reaction induced phase separation and cure kinetics of an epoxy/cyclic anhydride system

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