Preparation and Polymerization of Unsaturated Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Low-temperature synthesis of allyl dimethylamine by selective heating under microwave irradiation used for water treatment

“…In reference to the literatures (Wandrey et al, 1999; Brain, 1995;Butler and Angelo, 1958;Butler and Bunch, 1949;Negi et al, 1967) as well as our previous works (Zhao et al, 2002;Chang et al, 2000), synthesis of ADA is a key step for producing higher molecular weight polymers of DADMAC (PDADMAC) as a flocculant. In the conventional methods, the yields of ADA at both high temperature and low temperature are too low and reaction time is long so that yield of high-purity DADMAC is lower than 57% and reaction time is longer than 6 h. This problem seriously inhibits the application of higher molecular weight polymer of DADMAC as a highly efficient flocculant.…”

Crown Ether Cavity-Containing Copolymers via Controlled Alternating Cyclocopolymerization

“…The crude product was crystallized from ethyl acetate twice (2.03 g, 84%). 1 37 and NaH (288 mg, 12 mmol) in 40 mL of dry THF was stirred in an ice bath for 1 h and then at room temperature for 2 h. After the addition of a 10 mL of THF solution of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (1.82 g, 12 mmol), the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then refluxed for 12 h. The mixture was cooled down, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, neutralized by the addition of a dilute acid (50 mL, pH = 2), and extracted with dichloromethane (3 Â 50 mL). The extract was washed three times with brine, then dried over MgSO 4 , and concentrated.…”

“…The product was purified by column chromatography (hexane/ ethyl acetate, 10:1 (v/v)) to afford a viscous liquid of pure M5 (1.74 g, 81%). 1 Copolymerization of M1 with MAn. All the difunctional styrenic monomers copolymerizations with MAn were conducted under the same conditions (Scheme 3).…”

“…1,2 The cyclo(co)polymerization has been considered as one of the most convenient method for the preparation of a polymer with a cyclic structure in the main chain because it provides the unique way to generate cyclic structures in the polymer backbone while making the polymers efficiently. 3,4 Cyclo(co)polymerization generally produces thermodynamically stable five-or six-membered rings as the repeating units along the backbone.…”

Synthesis and Characterisation of a New Cu(O2CNAllyl2)2 Carbamato Complex and an Unusual Polymeric CuI Complex [CuI4Cl4(NHAllyl2)4]n: New Insights into Metal Carbamato Chemistry

“…[15] Moreover, it should be noted that the observed reaction requires the formation of diallylcarbamatodiallylammonium salt (second equilibrium, Scheme 1), as in the reaction of anhydrous CuCl 2 with diallylamine in heptane suspension and in the absence of CO 2 , the formation of Cu2 was not detected. Photoinitiated cyclopolymerisation of diallylammonium chloride and derivatives, through a radical intramolecular cyclisation and then a radical intermolecular propagation, were thoroughly described experimentally [16] and theoretically investigated. [17] This cyclopolymerisability of the diallylammonium salt suggests that the formation of the diallylammonium chloride, as a byproduct in the synthesis of copper carbamato Cu1, is a key step towards polymeric complex Cu2.…”