Preparation and photoelectrolytic behavior of the systems tungsten oxide (WO3-x) and tungsten fluoride oxide (WO3-xFx)

Hydrogen generation at irradiated oxide semiconductor–solution interfaces

“…This location of V fb has been invoked [232] for the very high IPCE values observed for the photoinduced OER in terms of the rather slow back electron transfer leading to O 2 reduction. A variety of dopants (e.g., F, Mg, Cu) have been tested for WO 3 [226,229,235] and Pt-modified samples have been deployed in a Z-scheme configuration [234]. Electron acceptors such as Ag + [228] and IO 3 - [234] species have been used to study the O 2 evolution characteristics of the WO 3 photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.…”

Anodic growth of nanoporous WO3 films: Morphology, photoelectrochemical response and photocatalytic activity for methylene blue and hexavalent chrome conversion

“…1976 [1,2], a raft of studies have appeared on the photoelectrochemical properties of tungsten(IV) oxide (WO 3 ) spanning three decades [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. As reviewed elsewhere [20], this indirect band gap semiconductor shares many of the same attributes (e.g., chemical inertness and exceptional chemical and photoelectrochemical stability in aqueous media) with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) -a veritable workhorse of the photocatalysis/photoelectrochemistry community.…”

“…However, unlike TiO 2 , the photoresponse of WO 3 extends much more into the visible wavelength range, resulting in efficient utilization of the solar spectrum. To date, many methods have been used to prepare WO 3 in the form of powders, thin films or colloids, including, for example: sol-gel chemistry [16,[21][22][23][24][25][26], thermal oxidation of tungsten [2,3,5], thermal or e-beam evaporation [27,28], sputtering [3,25,26,29,30] spray pyrolysis [31], pulsed laser deposition [32], and chemical vapor deposition [33]. As pointed out elsewhere [34,35], electrodeposition offers a simple, low-temperature route to thin film preparation and thus WO 3 thin films have been grown by anodic [36,37], and more recently, cathodic [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] deposition routes.…”

Mechanism of Reductive Fluorination by PTFE-Decomposition Fluorocarbon Gases for WO3

“…Among the transition-metal oxides investigated so far, reductive fluorination is particularly suited for WO 3 , a material of focus in both experimental and theoretical researches. ,,− WO 3 has been found to undergo complicated structural evolutions when subjected to certain conditions. For instance, when heat is applied, the low-temperature monoclinic (II) phase transforms into a monoclinic (I) phase via a triclinic structure.…”