Preparation and photochromic behavior of borosilicate aluminate glass for smart window and curtain wall applications

Manipulating photon absorption and trap energy supply for multimode dynamic anti-counterfeiting

“…The properties of PC materials before and after coloration are mainly characterized by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). 50–52 The transmittance of an opaque material is zero, indicating a direct correlation between reflectivity and absorptivity, which can be quantified using the Kubelka–Munk model and mathematical transformations. 53 The DRS of undoped YCSG are shown in Fig.…”

Grating optical filter with angular-selective transmission for smart windows

“…Smart materials change from a bleached (passive) state to a colored (active) state when certain environmental parameters are reached or when an electrical voltage is applied. Photochromic materials, [5][6][7][8] exhibiting a reversible color change in response to changes in the intensity of ultraviolet and short-wavelength visible radiation, are developing to increase the strength, durability, and cyclicality of the photoswitches and the stability of photoinduced forms. Thermochromics [9][10][11][12][13] with a reversible color change and thermotropics [14][15][16] with a change in light-scattering and reflective properties that depend on the ambient temperature are fairly simple and affordable materials that require increased long-term stability and energy-saving potential.…”