Cellulose pulp (CP), hydroxyethyl
cellulose (HEC), and turmeric-powder-based
ecofriendly, transparent, and flexible composite films were prepared.
The above-mentioned materials dissolved well with an environmentally
friendly process using N-methyl morpholine N-oxide (NMMO) ionic liquids. The Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) analysis studied their structure, microstructure,
and morphology properties. Thermal properties of the CP/HEC/turmeric
powder composites were thoroughly studied by thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and dynamic
mechanical analysis (DMA) instruments. The initial thermal stability
of the composites was significantly improved by the addition of HEC.
All the composite films exhibited a single glass transition temperature
(T
g), and it was confirmed by both DSC
and DMA analysis. The tensile strength (TS) of CP was 94.5 MPa, which
decreased to 19 MPa for CP/HEC-1:0.5 composites, and then, it steadily
increased to 24.7 MPa with an increment of HEC. Similarly, HEC increased
the elongation at break (EB) of CP from 9.4 to 67.2%. The addition
of HEC into the CP composite improved its flexibility, and it is more
transparent in the visible light spectrum. The water vapor permeability
(WVP) and swelling ratio of CP/HEC/turmeric powder composites were
in the range of 1.35–1.61 × 10–9 g/m2 Pa and 185–209%, respectively. Furthermore, the composites
have no cytotoxicity to the HaCat cell line. However, they exhibited
excellent antioxidant properties. These merits of CP/HEC/turmeric
powder composite establish them as a potential candidate for packaging
and biomedical applications.