Preparation and modification of 13X zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of oleic acid

Alshahidy, Balqees A.; Abbas, Ammar S.

doi:10.1063/5.0000171

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The results of the XRD demonstrated in Fig. 1 showed a clear correspondence in the places of the peaks with the results of the previous study [25]. The calculated crystallinity value by Eq.…”

Section: Characterization Of 13xzasupporting

confidence: 85%

“…(2)) was 5.29 nm. The current results show a slightly decrease in the crystallinity value due to fewer intensity values of the XRD peaks and the crystal size is very closed to the value of the previous work [25]. This convergence in crystal size of the 13XZA indicates that all the width of the peaks of the XRD results is in the same magnitude.…”

Section: Characterization Of 13xzasupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The 13XZA was prepared hydrothermally from Iraqi potash ore (potassium feldspar powder) according to the previous work [25]. Potassium feldspar powder used in this study was obtained from the Department of Geological Mining of the Ministry of Industry in Baghdad.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of 13xzamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prepared 13X Zeolite as a Promising Adsorbent for the Removal of Brilliant Blue Dye from Wastewater

Barno¹,

Mohamed²,

Saeed³

et al. 2021

IJCPE

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The research discussed the possibility of adsorption of Brilliant Blue Dye (BBD) from wastewater using 13X zeolite adsorbent, which is considered a byproduct of the production process of potassium carbonate from Iraqi potash raw materials. The 13X zeolite adsorbent was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction that showed a clear match with the standard 13X zeolite. The crystallinity rate was 82.15% and the crystal zeolite size was 5.29 nm. The surface area and pore volume of the obtained 13X zeolite were estimated. The prepared 13X zeolite showed the ability to remove BBD contaminant from wastewater at concentrations 5 to 50 ppm and the removal reached 96.60% at the lower pollutant concentration. Adsorption measurements versus time showed 48.18% removal of the dye during just the first half-hour and the maximum removal closest to the removal at the equilibrium after one and half hour. Langmuir isotherm was described the adsorption equilibrium data with a maximum adsorption capacity of 93.46 mg/g and the kinetics data of the adsorption process was followed the pseudo-second-order.

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Section: Characterization Of 13xzasupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Characterization Of 13xzasupporting

confidence: 68%

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Prepared 13X Zeolite as a Promising Adsorbent for the Removal of Brilliant Blue Dye from Wastewater

Barno¹,

Mohamed²,

Saeed³

et al. 2021

IJCPE

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“…Ten grams of the original 13X zeolite was treated with 150 mL of 0.1 N citric acid solution at 75 °C for 3 h [27]. The final product was subsequently recovered by vacuum filtration, washed with deionized water to eliminate any complexes of aluminum that may have formed, and then dried in an electric oven at 100 °C.…”

Section: Modification Of 13x Zeolitementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Catalytic Performance of a 13X Zeolite and its Dealuminated Derivative for Biodiesel Production

Alshahidy

Abbas

2021

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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Natural kaolin clay was used to successfully prepare 13X zeolite catalysts, which were modified by dealumination with citric acid. Acid leaching eliminates impurities and aluminum, and improves the Si/Al ratio of the zeolite framework. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of both the original and modified 13X zeolites were the same, indicating that the crystalline frameworks were not destroyed during the dealumination process. X-ray fluorescence data of the dealuminated 13X zeolite showed an improved Si/Al ratio. Also, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for the characterization of the catalysts. The catalytic performance of the original and modified catalysts was tested in the esterification reaction of oleic acid in a batch reactor. A higher conversion of oleic acid was obtained using the modified 13X zeolite. The resulting experimental data from the esterification reactions were fitted to the heterogeneous Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) kinetic model to determine the rates of reaction. The results of the reaction kinetics showed an increase in the rate of reaction velocity and a distinct decrease in the activation energy when using the modified zeolite, indicating that employing the modified catalyst will give a higher conversion over a shorter time through a reaction with less sensitivity to temperature. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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“…Alshahidy et al succeeded in enhancing the Si/Al ratio by an acidic treatment of the 13X zeolite and reported that the crystal structure of the zeolite changed according to the acidic treatment. 32 Therefore, the XRD analysis showed that the acidic treatment process disrupted the 13X zeolite structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a modified 13X zeolite support in Pd-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation at room temperature

2021

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Preparation and modification of 13X zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of oleic acid

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Prepared 13X Zeolite as a Promising Adsorbent for the Removal of Brilliant Blue Dye from Wastewater

Prepared 13X Zeolite as a Promising Adsorbent for the Removal of Brilliant Blue Dye from Wastewater

Comparative Study on the Catalytic Performance of a 13X Zeolite and its Dealuminated Derivative for Biodiesel Production

Effect of a modified 13X zeolite support in Pd-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation at room temperature

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