Preparation and Maintenance of Organotypic Cultures for Multi‐Electrode Array Recordings

Karpiak, Veronica C.; Plenz, Dietmar

doi:10.1002/0471142301.ns0615s19

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Each MEA covered ~1 mm of the cortical depth of a coronal slice and a VTA slice was positioned at the ventral border of the cortex, juxtaposing the white matter. Coculturing of slices was described in detail previously (Plenz and Kitai, 1998; Karpiak and Plenz, 2002). In short, a sterile chamber was attached to the MEA, which allowed for cultivation and repeated recording from single cocultures for many weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Interaction Structure of Neural Activities in Cortical Slice Cultures

Santos¹,

Gireesh²,

Plenz³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neuroscience

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Recent advances in the analysis of neuronal activities suggest that the instantaneous activity patterns can be mostly explained by considering only first-order and pairwise interactions between recorded elements, i.e., action potentials or local field potentials (LFP), and do not require higher-than-pairwise-order interactions. If generally applicable, this pairwise approach greatly simplifies the description of network interactions. However, an important question remains: are the recorded elements the units of interaction that best describe neuronal activity patterns? To explore this, we recorded spontaneous LFP peak activities in cortical organotypic cultures using planar, integrated 60-microelectrode arrays. We compared predictions obtained using a pairwise approach with those using a hierarchical approach that uses two different spatial units for describing the activity interactions: single electrodes and electrode clusters. In this hierarchical model, short-range interactions within each cluster were modeled by pairwise interactions of electrode activities and longrange interactions were modeled by pairwise interactions of cluster activities. Despite the relatively low number of parameters used, the hierarchical model provided a more accurate description of the activity patterns than the pairwise model when applied to ensembles of 10 electrodes. Furthermore, the hierarchical model was successfully applied to a larger-scale data of ϳ60 electrodes. Electrode activities within clusters were highly correlated and spatially contiguous. In contrast, long-range interactions were diffuse, suggesting the presence of higher-than-pairwise-order interactions involved in the LFP peak activities. Thus, the identification of appropriate units of interaction may allow for the successful characterization of neuronal activities in large-scale networks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Interaction Structure of Neural Activities in Cortical Slice Cultures

Santos¹,

Gireesh²,

Plenz³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neuroscience

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“…Each MEA consisted of a square (5 ϫ 5 cm) plate of glass with a circular glass well attached to the center that functioned as a culture chamber (Karpiak and Plenz, 2002). The center of the well contained a square array of 60 microelectrodes made of titanium nitride (8 ϫ 8 grids with the corners missing).…”

Section: Preparation Of Measmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Avalanches Are Diverse and Precise Activity Patterns That Are Stable for Many Hours in Cortical Slice Cultures

Beggs

Plenz²

2004

J. Neurosci.

547

506

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A major goal of neuroscience is to elucidate mechanisms of cortical information processing and storage. Previous work from our laboratory (Beggs and Plenz, 2003) revealed that propagation of local field potentials (LFPs) in cortical circuits could be described by the same equations that govern avalanches. Whereas modeling studies suggested that these "neuronal avalanches" were optimal for information transmission, it was not clear what role they could play in information storage. Work from numerous other laboratories has shown that cortical structures can generate reproducible spatiotemporal patterns of activity that could be used as a substrate for memory. Here, we show that although neuronal avalanches lasted only a few milliseconds, their spatiotemporal patterns were also stable and significantly repeatable even many hours later. To investigate these issues, we cultured coronal slices of rat cortex for 4 weeks on 60-channel microelectrode arrays and recorded spontaneous extracellular LFPs continuously for 10 hr. Using correlation-based clustering and a global contrast function, we found that each cortical culture spontaneously produced 4736 Ϯ 2769 (mean Ϯ SD) neuronal avalanches per hour that clustered into 30 Ϯ 14 statistically significant families of spatiotemporal patterns. In 10 hr of recording, over 98% of the mutual information shared by these avalanche patterns were retained. Additionally, jittering analysis revealed that the correlations between avalanches were temporally precise to within Ϯ4 msec. The long-term stability, diversity, and temporal precision of these avalanches indicate that they fulfill many of the requirements expected of a substrate for memory and suggest that they play a central role in both information transmission and storage within cortical networks.

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“…Organotypic cultures from slices of rat cortex were prepared in accordance with NIH guidelines (Plenz and Kitai, 1998;Karpiak and Plenz, 2002). In short, coronal sections from rat brains at postnatal day 0-2 (P0-2; Sprague Dawley, Taconic Farms, MD, USA) were cut at a thickness of 350 μm.…”

Section: Preparation Of Organotypic Cultures On the Multielectrode Armentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeostasis of neuronal avalanches during postnatal cortex development in vitro

Stewart

Plenz

2008

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Cortical networks in vivo and in vitro are spontaneously active in the absence of inputs, generating highly variable bursts of neuronal activity separated by up to seconds of quiescence. Previous measurements in adult rat cortex revealed an intriguing underlying organization of these dynamics, termed neuronal avalanches, which is indicative of a critical network state. Here we demonstrate that neuronal avalanches persist throughout development in cortical slice cultures from newborn rats. More specifically, we find that in spite of large variations of average rate in activity, spontaneous bursts occur with power-law distributed sizes (exponent -1.5) and a critical branching parameter close to 1. Our findings suggest that cortical networks homeostatically regulate a critical state during postnatal maturation.

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Preparation and Maintenance of Organotypic Cultures for Multi‐Electrode Array Recordings

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Hierarchical Interaction Structure of Neural Activities in Cortical Slice Cultures

Hierarchical Interaction Structure of Neural Activities in Cortical Slice Cultures

Neuronal Avalanches Are Diverse and Precise Activity Patterns That Are Stable for Many Hours in Cortical Slice Cultures

Homeostasis of neuronal avalanches during postnatal cortex development in vitro

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