Preparation and electrochromic properties of polyamides based on 3,4‐dimethylthieno[2,3‐b]thiophene

Abstract

Based on the performance of improving the stabilities and coloring efficiencies of triphenylamine polymers, this paper separately synthesized different diamines and 3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, and the electrochromic functions of the polymer films were studied on indium-tin oxide glass (ITO) glass. The polymers had a thiophene group, which was rich in π-electrons and conducive to molecular stability, and showed good stabilities. Ultraviolet spectrum showed that all the six polymers had a wide absorption band in the neutral range of 200-700 nm. Electrochromic analysis showed that the six kinds of polymer films all showed reasonable optical contrast, short response time and low band gap in the infrared spectrum range of 200-1000 nm. Among them, the film formed by PAD2 on ITO glass had better electrochromic properties, longer bleaching response time (t c = 1.3 s, t b = 4.1 s), PAD3 had better coloration efficiency (214 cm 2 C À1 ).

Multifunctional Applications of D−π–A-Type Poly Schiff Bases for Electrochromic, Electrofluorochromic Materials, and Organic Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

“…As shown in Figure S11, the polymer films were uniformly distributed and had large roughness ( R q ) of 1.14 nm (PTTB-1) and 1.15 nm (PTTB-2). Compared to the PTTB-1 film, the PTTB-2 film had a rougher surface, which not only provided more channels for the transport of electrolyte ions but also left enough space for the injection and extraction of ions …”

Synthesis and electrochromic properties of polyamines containing a 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine-N,N′-diyl unit in the polymer backbone: Ru-catalyzed N–H insertion polycondensation of 1,4-phenylenebis(diazoacetate) with 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine derivatives

“…This feature is in sharp contrast to the previously reported TPA-based polymers such as polyimide and polyamide, 32 because in these reported examples, the nitrogen atoms originally attached to the diamino-TPA monomers were incorporated into imide or amide linkages and thus cannot participate in the redox process owing to the electron-withdrawing effect of the imide or amide carbonyl group. [33][34][35][36] Accordingly, for the diamino-TPA-bearing polyamines newly prepared in this study, it would be possible to oxidize all the three nitrogen atoms in the diamino-TPA unit in three sequential steps by gradually increasing the electrochemical potential applied to the polymer, resulting in the generation of mixed-valence (MV) systems with strong electron coupling over diamino-TPA conjugation, where the electrons can be delocalized over multiple redox states. 37,38 These systems are expected to show electrochromic (EC) behavior with multiple color changes finely responding to the gradual change of the applied potential.…”