Preparation and electrochemical properties of re-synthesized LiCoO2 from spent lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

A new idea for reuse of the cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is investigated to develop an environmentally friendly process for recycling spent batteries. LiCoO 2 is re-synthesized from spent LIBs by leaching and a sol-gel method calcined at high temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are employed to study the reactions occurring calcination that are responsible for the weight losses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to determine the structures of the LiCoO 2 powders. It was found that a pure phase of LiCoO 2 can be obtained by the re-synthesis process. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the LiCoO 2 powders. The discharge capacity of re-synthesized LiCoO 2 is 137 mAh g −1 at the 0.1 C rate, and the capacity retention of the re-synthesized LiCoO 2 is 97.98% after 20 cycles at the 0.1 C rate, and 88.14% after 40 cycles. The results indicate that the re-synthesized LiCoO 2 displays good charge/discharge performance and cycling behavior.

Recycling and environmental issues of lithium-ion batteries: Advances, challenges and opportunities

“…Direct recovery is a low-cost technique, which contributes to several money savings [246]. The re-synthesis of spent LiCoO2 with a process of leaching followed up by sol-gel method, with calcination at high temperatures, is found to produce excellent cycle life performance in regenerated batteries [190].…”

Hydrometallurgical Processes for Recycling Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Critical Review

“…Li et al 131 reported a process consisting of acid leaching and sol−gel for recycling spent LIBs. Citric acid was first used as leaching agent to leach Co and Li, and then as a chelating agent for the sol−gel process.…”

The electrochemical behaviour of re-synthesized cathode material from spent Li-ion batteries in an organic electrolyte

“…Pored interesa za dobijanjem pojedinačnih metala iz potrošenih litijum jonskih baterija [1,4,[10][11][12][13][14], u poslednje vreme postoji sve veća tendencija da se resintetiše katodni materijal iz potrošenih litijum jonskih baterija. Najčešće metode resinteze su sol-gel metoda [15][16][17][18], metoda koprecipitacije [19][20][21] i reakcija u čvrstom stanju [22][23][24]. Metodom koprecipitacije i sol gel metodom se dobijaju čestice nanometarskih dimenzija [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] dok se metodom reakcije u čvrstom stanju dobijaju čestice mikrometarskih dimenzija [22][23][24].…”

“…Najčešće metode resinteze su sol-gel metoda [15][16][17][18], metoda koprecipitacije [19][20][21] i reakcija u čvrstom stanju [22][23][24]. Metodom koprecipitacije i sol gel metodom se dobijaju čestice nanometarskih dimenzija [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] dok se metodom reakcije u čvrstom stanju dobijaju čestice mikrometarskih dimenzija [22][23][24]. Dobijanje nanometarskih čestica je od interesa zbog njihove velike specifične površine.…”