Preparation and electrochemical performance of monodisperse Li4Ti5O12 hollow spheres

He, Ning-De; Wang, Binshuai; Huang, Junjie

doi:10.1007/s10008-009-0933-z

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Inspired by the successful use of many other metal oxide‐based hollow structures in LIBs, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 hollow structures with porous shells are highly desirable and anticipated as superior anode materials for LIBs 26–28. However, due to the potential incompatibility issue between Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and template materials, the synthesis of uniform Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 hollow structures with a well‐defined hollow interior and controllable shell thickness still remains very challenging 23, 29, 30…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Yu¹,

Wu²,

Lou³

2013

Advanced Materials

369

215

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Owing to their unique structural features, hollow micro-/ nanostructures have aroused intense research interest in a wide range of areas such as energy storage, catalysis, chemical sensors, and biomedical applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The templating method is considered the most representative and straightforward route to fabricate hollow structures with well-defi ned morphologies and high uniformity. [ 11 ] This versatile method generally involves the growth of a shell of designed materials against various templates (e.g., monodisperse colloidal polymer/silica spheres) to form a core-shell structure, and the subsequent removal of the interior materials, which conceptually facilitates the manipulation of the size, shape, and local chemical environment of the resultant hollow structures. [ 2 , 12 , 13 ] Nevertheless, practically, templating methods face quite a few challenges, such as the diffi culty to achieve uniform coating due to compatibility issues between the template and desired shell materials. [ 14 ] Moreover, removal of the interior templates, which is usually through tedious etching/calcination treatments and likely causes collapse and deformation of the exterior shell, holds another key to obtain well-defi ned hollow structures. Very recently, a few works have reported the syntheses of hollow structures by modifi ed templating strategies, which simultaneously realize the functionalization of the exterior shell and the elimination of the internal template. Zhao and coworkers reported the fabrication of Fe 3 O 4 @titanate yolk-shell microspheres from TiO 2 @SiO 2 @ Fe 3 O 4 core-shell structures. [ 15 ] The outmost TiO 2 shell was converted into titanate nanosheets during the removal of the SiO 2 layer through a facile hydrothermal approach in a NaOH solution. Our group has previously reported the synthesis of NiS hollow spheres from SiO 2 @nickel silicate core-shell structures by a one-step hydrothermal reaction in a Na 2 S solution, during which the sulfi dation of nickel silicate and dissolution of silica take place at the same time. [ 16 ] However, such modifi ed templating strategies have not been widely practiced yet.Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has been extensively investigated as one of the most promising anode materials for high-rate lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the zero volume change during lithiation and improved safety in operation. [17][18][19] Typically, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 can accommodate three Li + ions during the intercalation process to form Li 7 Ti 5 O 12 , resulting in a theoretical specifi c capacity of 175 mA h g − 1 . [ 18 , 20 ] It has been demonstrated that Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anodes with high performance can be achieved by proper nanostructuring. [ 19 , 21-25 ] Inspired by the successful use of many other metal oxide-based hollow structures in LIBs, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 hollow structures with porous shells are highly desirable and anticipated as superior anode materials for LIBs. [26][27][28] However, due to the potential incompatibility issue between Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and ...

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confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Yu¹,

Wu²,

Lou³

2013

Advanced Materials

369

215

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“…To solve this problem, strategies including carbon coating [18], metal ions doping [19][20][21], and conducting layer coating [22,23] were applied. Alternatively, the structural changes and the morphology of the electrode materials can also significantly affect their electrochemical properties [24,25]. It was demonstrated that the void space in hollow micro-particles can provide additional sites for lithium storage and is beneficial for the improvement of the reversible capacity [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow and hierarchical Na2Li2Ti6O14 microspheres with high electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Fan

Zhong

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Relying on a solvent thermal method, spherical Na2Li2Ti6O14 was synthesized. All samples prepared by this method are hollow and hierarchical structures with the size of about 2-3 μm, which are assembled by many primary nanoparticles (~300 nm). Particle morphology analysis shows that with the increase of temperature, the porosity increases and the hollow structure becomes more obvious. Na2Li2Ti6O14 obtained at 800°C exhibits the best electrochemical performance among all samples. Charge-discharge results show that Na2Li2Ti6O14 prepared at 800°C can delivers a reversible capacity of 220.1, 181.7, 161.6, 144.2, 118.1 and 97.2 mA h g −1 at 50, 140, 280, 560, 1400, 2800 mA g −1 . However, Na2Li2Ti6O14-bulk only delivers a reversible capacity of 187, 125.3, 108.3, 88.7, 69.2 and 54.8 mA h g −1 at the same current densities. The high electrochemical performances of the as-prepared materials can be attributed to the distinctive hollow and hierarchical spheres, which could effectively reduce the diffusion distance of Li ions, increase the contact area between electrodes and electrolyte, and buffer the volume changes during Li ion intercalation/deintercalation processes.

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“…However, its low electron conductivity greatly influences its discharge ability at high rate. Thus, much efforts have been devoted to modify LTO with metal ion doping (La, V, Na, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cr, and Mg) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], carbon coating [10,21,22], or by various controlling particle size to nanometer level [23] and morphologies [24][25][26][27][28] to improve the rate capability. It is of especially interesting to synthesize nanoporous LTO because of several advantages of this geometry listed as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of nanoporous Li4Ti5O12 anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Shao

Luo

et al. 2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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Nanoporous Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (N-LTO) was prepared by sol-gel method using monodisperse polystyrene spheres as a template and followed by calcination process. The asprepared N-LTO has a spinel structure, large special surface area, and nanoporous structure with the pore average diameter of about 100 nm and wall thickness of 50 nm. Electrochemical experiments show that N-LTO exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 189 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C rate cycled between 0.5 and 3.0 V and excellent capacity retention of 170 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles. EIS and CV analysis show that N-LTO has a higher mobility for Li + diffusion and a higher exchange current density, indicating an improved electrochemical performance. It is believed that the nanoporous structure has a larger electrode/electrolyte contact area, resulting in better electrochemical properties at high charge/discharge rates.

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Preparation and electrochemical performance of monodisperse Li4Ti5O12 hollow spheres

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Hollow and hierarchical Na2Li2Ti6O14 microspheres with high electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of nanoporous Li4Ti5O12 anode material for lithium-ion batteries

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Preparation and electrochemical performance of monodisperse Li4Ti5O12 hollow spheres

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Hollow and hierarchical Na2Li2Ti6O14 microspheres with high electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of nanoporous Li4Ti5O12 anode material for lithium-ion batteries

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Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability

Mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Lithium Storage Capability