Preparation and Characterization of Tungsten Carbides as Alkaline Fuel Cell Catalysts

Shen, Peikang; Xie, Fangyan; Meng, Hui

doi:10.1149/1.2209384

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…2 It was also reported that the addition of WC to Pt, Pd, Au and other precious or base metals can enhance the activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in both acidic and alkaline solutions. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The improved catalytic activity is believed to be due to the synergistic effect between metal nanoparticles and WC. [10][11][12] In additions to tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide was also reported as an effective electrocatalyst support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ion exchange route to produce carbon supported nanoscale vanadium carbide for electrocatalysis

2011

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We demonstrate that vanadium carbide nanocrystals down to 2 nm on carbon (C-VC x ) can be synthesized through a novel route based on an ionic exchange process to locally anchor the species of interest by design. The structures, morphologies and catalytic performance of the as-synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by various physical and electrochemical methods. The results indicate that electrocatalysts made with Pt nanoparticles on C-VC x (Pt/C-VC x ) are highly active and stable for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation. A mass activity of 267.1 mA mg À1 Pt at 0.9 V was obtained for the oxygen reduction reaction, which is much higher than that of a commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst (112.5 mA mg À1 Pt ). It was also demonstrated that the onset potential for methanol oxidation on Pt/C-VC x is negatively shifted by more than 100 mV compared with that on Pt/C. The origin of these improvements in the catalytic activity can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Pt and VC x . The novelty of the present method is its simplicity and effectiveness, and it can be readily scaled up for mass production of other nanomaterials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ion exchange route to produce carbon supported nanoscale vanadium carbide for electrocatalysis

2011

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“…52 Contrary to expectations, however, the intrinsic ORR activity of WC directly applied in alkaline media is extremely low. 53 Emerging materials and composites have shown great promise for ORR catalysis. Among these materials, MXenes have proven to be conducting fortifiers to composites as they demonstrate strong interfacial coupling interaction and fast charge transfer.…”

Section: Orr In Alkaline Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—The Oxygen Reduction Reaction on MXene-Based Catalysts: Progress and Prospects

Yoo

Pranada

Johnson

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a critical but sluggish reaction used for various applications, including fuel cells and metal-oxygen batteries. Currently, the benchmark catalysts for ORR are Pt-based catalysts. However, due to these catalysts being scarce and very expensive, alternative catalysts that are more abundant and less expensive are urgently in demand. MXenes, a new two-dimensional (2D) material based on transition metal carbides and nitrides, have advanced the performance of various existing applications and technologies, including batteries, supercapacitors, sensors, etc. Owing to their unique electronic structure, physical and chemical properties, and tunable morphology, MXenes are expected to thrive as catalysts in ORR electro- and photo-catalytic systems. Additionally, they are promising catalytic supports for ORR, thus significantly reducing the necessary Pt loading. In this work, we carefully review the most pertinent works on ORR using MXenes. We discuss the gaps and challenges in the field, identify key areas that need further attention, and provide directions for future research.

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“…The mixture of W 2 C and WC has good methanol tolerance as its activity was not affected by the presence of methanol. 78 A series of interstitial metal carbides (M ¼ Zr, Ti, V, Mo, W, Nb, Ta) investigated by Horigome et al were incorporated in Raney Ni and PTFE based gas diffusion electrodes for hydrogen oxidation. ZrC provided highest performance with respect to the electrode stability and polarization characteristics.…”

Section: Non-pt Based Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct oxidation alkaline fuelcells: from materials to systems

Wang

Krewer

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

237

153

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Direct oxidation alkaline fuel cells (DOAFCs) possess particular advantages on the possibility of employing low cost non-noble metal catalysts. A wide range of fuels can be used due to superior reaction kinetics in alkaline media. The development of DOAFCs was hindered by the carbonation of electrolyte due to the presence of CO 2 . The application of the anion exchange membrane (AEM) provides the possibility of reducing the effect of carbonation and fuel crossover which is an issue in the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The latest developments in alkaline fuel cells are examined in this paper, considering different types of fuels, novel catalysts and anion exchange membranes. Moreover, alkaline fuel cell systems and configurations are studied, particularly the new designs for portable or microelectronic devices. Further development of DOAFCs will rely on novel AEMs with good ionic conductivity and stability, low cost non-Pt catalysts with high activity and good stability for various fuels and oxidant. We envisage that DOAFCs will play a major role in energy research and applications in the near future.

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Preparation and Characterization of Tungsten Carbides as Alkaline Fuel Cell Catalysts

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

An ion exchange route to produce carbon supported nanoscale vanadium carbide for electrocatalysis

An ion exchange route to produce carbon supported nanoscale vanadium carbide for electrocatalysis

Review—The Oxygen Reduction Reaction on MXene-Based Catalysts: Progress and Prospects

Direct oxidation alkaline fuelcells: from materials to systems

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