Preparation and characterization of the SPEEK/PVA/Silica hybrid membrane for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)

A review on sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) based‐membrane in direct borohydride fuel cell applications

“…With increasing silica concentration, the polymer membrane's storage modulus increases, and the phase transition shifts from a higher to a lower temperature. Due to its increased proton conductivity, membrane selectivity, as well as smaller methanol permeability, the study's findings suggest that this membrane has possibility for DMFC construction 119 …”

“…This suggests that SPEEK1-AC could be useful as a polymer electrolyte in DMFC. 41 Murmu et al 119 developed a low-cost SPEEK-PVA-Silica composite membrane for low-to mediumtemperature fuel cell operation that focuses on enhanced proton conductivity, lower fuel cross-linking, and improved mechanical, thermal, and hydrolytic stability. With increasing silica content, the polymer membrane's glass transition temperature drops.…”

“…Due to its increased proton conductivity, membrane selectivity, as well as smaller methanol permeability, the study's findings suggest that this membrane has possibility for DMFC construction. 119 Via sulfonating SiO 2 nanoparticle by volatile SO 2 Cl 2 , SSA nanoparticles were successfully produced, and a variety of SPEEK-based composite membranes with SSA variant content were constructed using the solution casting approach. The IEC of SSA particles has increased, and they have good hydrolysis stability.…”

Modified Cellulose Proton-Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

“…The developments focused on replacing or decreasing the cost and increasing the selectivity of commercial membranes in two ways: (i) including the different characteristic properties of polymer materials or inorganic nanofillers in the PFSA polymer matrix without significantly affecting the overall performances [ 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ], and (ii) searching for alternative polymer membranes with and without the addition of functional groups, polymers, inorganic fillers, and/or cross-linkers as a blend, composite, or cross-linked membranes [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. There are different kinds of synthetic polymers, such as sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) [ 91 , 95 , 96 ], sulfonated polysulfone [ 97 ], sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoride) [ 98 ], polytetrafluoroethylene [ 99 ], and poly(phenylene oxide) [ 100 ] that have been studied to improve the performances of DMFC. In addition, different blend membranes, composite membranes, grafted membranes, and cross-linked membranes have been established for DMFC.…”

Effect of a direct current electric field on CO 2 bubble evolution in a direct methanol fuel cell

“…A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) uses an aqueous methanol solution as fuel at the anode and oxygen or air as the oxidant at the cathode. [1][2][3] At the anode channel, the aqueous methanol solution is transferred to the catalytic layer for electrochemical reaction by convection and diffusion, and the CO 2 generated is discharged into the anode flow channel through the pores of the porous diffusion layer. Subsequently, CO 2 , as an exhaust fume, is further pushed out of the anode channel in the cell by the liquid phase.…”