2013
DOI: 10.1155/2013/923403
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Preparation and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets via Water-Based Exfoliation and Reduction Methods

Abstract: This research studied the synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene via a low-cost manufacturing method. The process started with the chemical oxidation of commercial graphite powder into graphite oxide by modified Hummer’s method, followed by the exfoliation of graphite oxide in distilled water using the ultrasound frequency from a laboratory ultrasonic bath. Finally, the oxygen functional groups on exfoliated graphite oxide or graphene oxide were eliminated by stirring in hot distilled water at 95°C, as a rep… Show more

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Cited by 317 publications
(200 citation statements)
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“…4. In this research, a broad peak is observed from 10 to 40°with the highest intensity at 23.65°which may be attributed to partial restacking of exfoliated graphene layers [19][20][21].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4. In this research, a broad peak is observed from 10 to 40°with the highest intensity at 23.65°which may be attributed to partial restacking of exfoliated graphene layers [19][20][21].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the presence of Gr increased the crystalline domain size of the hydroxyapatite grains, since the reported value for pure hydroxyapatite electrochemically synthesized at the same pH and current density was 21.6 nm [29], indicating that there were interactions between the hydroxyapatite and graphene sheets. http://carbonlett.org broad peak at around 300°C in the DTG curve, corresponds to the combustion of the organic material, EDTA [44] and the unstable carbon in the graphene structure [45], as well as the beginning of hydroxyapatite dehydroxylation [14,15]. The third stage, observed between 420°C and 600°C, with 1.22 wt.…”
Section: Morphological Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After the reduction of GO, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups were significantly decreased and the sp 2 hybridized in-plane C=C ring stretching at 1538 cm −1 was present. However, in order to effectively eliminate oxygen functional groups on carbon planes, strongly acidic environment might be required [45]. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) measurement was employed to characterize the structure and functional groups of the materials.…”
Section: Characterization Of Coatingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After the reduction of GO, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups were significantly decreased and the sp 2 hybridized in-plane C=C ring stretching at 1538 cm −1 was present. However, in order to effectively eliminate oxygen functional groups on carbon planes, strongly acidic environment might be required [45]. The XRD patterns of graphite, GO, GO on Cu, and GO coated on Cu and reduced by NaBH 4 are shown in Figure 7.…”
Section: Characterization Of Coatingmentioning
confidence: 99%