Preparation and Characterization of Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge-Activated Biochars Using Alkaline Activation: A Box–Behnken Design Approach

Reis, Glaydson S. dos; Bergna, Davide; Tuomikoski, Sari; Grimm, Alejandro; Lima, Éder C.; Thyrel, Mikael; Skoglund, Nils; Lassi, Ulla; Larsson, Sylvia H.

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c04290

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…The N adsorption-desorption isotherms of biochar (Figure 3a) and biochar-PPy (Figure 3b) show that the PPy doping provoked a high impact on their shapes and the amount of adsorbed N2. According to the IUPAC classification [41], the non-doped biochar shows an isotherm that seems to be a mix of types I and IV; type I is related to the presence of micropores du to the high N2 adsorption at low partial pressure, and type IV since it shows hysteresi from partial relative pressure of 0.4, which is a strong indication of the presence o mesoporosity [23,42]. The biochar doped with PPy shows a clear isotherm type IV [41] Moreover, the deposition of PPy on biochar structure seems to reduce the porosity of th biochar-PPy due to reduced adsorbed N2 volume: 458.0 cm 3 g −1 and 57.0 cm 3 g −1 for biocha and biochar-PPy, respectively.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Biochar And Biochar-ppy Electrode Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Supercapacitors Based on Polypyrrole-Doped Activated Biochar from Wood Waste Electrodes

Lima

Reis

Lassi

et al. 2023

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The synthesis of high-performance carbon-based materials from biomass residues for electrodes has been considered a challenge to achieve in supercapacitor-based production. In this work, activated biochar has been prepared as the active electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs), and an effective method has been explored to boost its capacitive performance by employing polypyrrole (PPy) as a biochar dopant. The results for physicochemical characterization data have demonstrated that PPy doping affects the biochar morphology, specific surface area, pore structure, and incorporation of surface functionalities on modified biochar. Biochar-PPy exhibited a surface area of 87 m2 g−1, while pristine biochar exhibited 1052 m2 g−1. The SCs were assembled employing two electrodes sandwiched with PVA solid-state film electrolyte as a separator. The device was characterized by standard electrochemical assays that indicated an improvement of 34% in areal capacitance. The wood electrodes delivered high areal capacitances of 282 and 370 mF cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2, for pure biochar and biochar doped with PPy, respectively, with typical retention in the capacitive response of 72% at the end of 1000 cycles of operation of the supercapacitor at high current density, indicating that biochar-PPy-based electrode devices exhibited a higher energy density when compared to pure biochar devices.

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Section: Characterization Of the Biochar And Biochar-ppy Electrode Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Supercapacitors Based on Polypyrrole-Doped Activated Biochar from Wood Waste Electrodes

Lima

Reis

Lassi

et al. 2023

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“…Paper mill sludge is composed of cellulose fibers, calcium carbonate, kaolinite, and talc. 20 Trace elements of metals have been detected, such as cadmium, copper, lead, chromium, zinc, iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, vanadium, barium, and titanium, that have the potential to be toxic to wildlife when large amounts of sludge are repeatedly released at waste sites. 21 Synthetic compound emission from the bleaching phase of pulp and paper is of concern, as these substances are known to be toxic as well.…”

Section: Paper Mill Pfas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 also shows the environmental compartments in which these PFAS were detected. 20 Although paper mills produce paper-based products containing detectable levels of PFAS and are a major contributor to PFAS emission from effluent as manufacturers have used PFAS for water repellency in the past, continuous efforts are currently being made to remediate and prevent further human and wildlife exposure. Experimentation and optimal substitution determination will greatly reduce PFAS output in corroboration of persistent remediation actions that paper mill processes currently exhibit.…”

Section: Paper Mill Pfas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remediation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Nonwoven Production and Paper Sectors: A Brief Review

Newland,

Halamek,

Ramkumar

2024

AATCC Journal of Research

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are a growing concern in the paper and nonwoven industry, as current research provides alarming results regarding the abundance and persistence of these substances from food packaging producers. It was reported that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances have been detected in blood serum of thousands of individuals originating from food packaging that contains per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. In addition, 20–56% of all products tested had detectable levels that immensely contribute to dietary exposure. Paper mills are also a significant source of exposure due to environmental contamination surpassing emission regulations set by the Environmental Protection Agency by over 100,000 parts per trillion. These studies exemplify the necessity for paper-based product producers to not only abide by regulations but also demonstrate the implementation of remediation efforts. With current research on novel remediation techniques and increased restrictions surrounding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance usage for water repellency, decreased contamination and exposure will be achieved throughout the world. This article serves as a brief review that focuses on the nonwoven manufacturing sector, which includes pulp, paper, and tissue related to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance contamination in the environment and drinking water sources. This review addresses the statistical evaluation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance levels throughout the world from paper and nonwoven product manufacturing, along with remediation methods and legislation to reduce contamination and exposure. To the best of our ability, this important and sensitive subject area has been researched extensively. However, many data gaps are present within the field, and limited studies have been conducted contributing to this brief review, which highlights the importance of further studies surrounding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the paper and nonwoven sectors. This article encompasses all available information in the paper and nonwoven sector regarding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances that can be used for reference by the general public and by manufacturers in the nonwoven production industry.

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“…Activated carbons are well-known for their excellent adsorption characteristics due to their highly developed pore structure, elevated surface area, and essential surface activity [ 12 , 13 ]. However, ACs possess the disadvantages of relatively complex synthesis processes—mainly during the activation step—that usually employ high amounts of chemicals such as zinc chloride and potassium hydroxide (usually a ratio of 1:1 of chemical/biomass) [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Moreover, a washing step with hydrochloric acid is needed to remove the remaining chemical activator after the pyrolysis process [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Omeprazole on Biobased Adsorbents Doped with Si/Mg: Kinetic, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies

et al. 2023

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This paper proposes an easy and sustainable method to prepare high-sorption capacity biobased adsorbents from wood waste. A biomass wood waste (spruce bark) was employed to fabricate a composite doped with Si and Mg and applied to adsorb an emerging contaminant (Omeprezole) from aqueous solutions, as well as synthetic effluents loaded with several emerging contaminants. The effects of Si and Mg doping on the biobased material’s physicochemical properties and adsorptive performance were evaluated. Si and Mg did not influence the specific surface area values but impacted the presence of the higher number of mesopores. The kinetic and equilibrium data presented the best fitness by the Avrami Fractional order (AFO) and Liu isotherm models, respectively. The values of Qmax ranged from 72.70 to 110.2 mg g−1 (BP) and from 107.6 to 249.0 mg g−1 (BTM). The kinetic was faster for Si/Mg-doped carbon adsorbent, possibly due to different chemical features provoked by the doping process. The thermodynamic data showed that the adsorption of OME on biobased adsorbents was spontaneous and favorable at four studied temperatures (283, 293, 298, 303, 308, 313, and 318 K), with the magnitude of the adsorption correspondent to a physical adsorption process (ΔH° < 2 kJ mol−1). The adsorbents were applied to treat synthetic hospital effluents and exhibited a high percentage of removal (up to 62%). The results of this work show that the composite between spruce bark biomass and Si/Mg was an efficient adsorbent for OME removal. Therefore, this study can help open new strategies for developing sustainable and effective adsorbents to tackle water pollution.

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Preparation and Characterization of Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge-Activated Biochars Using Alkaline Activation: A Box–Behnken Design Approach

Cited by 18 publications

References 56 publications

Sustainable Supercapacitors Based on Polypyrrole-Doped Activated Biochar from Wood Waste Electrodes

Sustainable Supercapacitors Based on Polypyrrole-Doped Activated Biochar from Wood Waste Electrodes

Remediation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Nonwoven Production and Paper Sectors: A Brief Review

Adsorption of Omeprazole on Biobased Adsorbents Doped with Si/Mg: Kinetic, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies

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