Preparation and characterization of polypyrrole/clinoptilolite nanocomposite with enhanced electrical conductivity by surface polymerization method

Abstract

In this work, polypyrrole/clinoptilolite nanocomposite was synthesized by in situ surface polymerization of pyrrole using Fe3+ as oxidant, incorporated on the inner and outer surface of clinoptilolite nanoparticles. Formation of nanocomposite and deposition of polypyrrole on the clinoptilolite surface was confirmed and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Elemental analysis showed the loading/incorporation of 9.18 wt% polypyrrole in the clinoptilolite structure. However the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole/clinoptilolite nanocomposite pellets was higher than that of similar pure polypyrrole pellets, synthesized through the chemical oxidation polymerization method using Fe3+ as oxidant without the presence of clinoptilolite nanoparticles. Improved structural order or crystalinity of polypyrrole chains in nanocomposite structure which was confirmed by XRD and SEM results, may be the responsible of higher electrical conductivity of nanocomposite compared to pure polypyrrole although the low content (9.18 wt%) of polypyrrole in nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammetry studies showed that polypyrrole/clinoptilolite nanocomposite is electroactive similar to pure polypyrrole. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

Removal of Chromium Ions by Fe3O4‐containing Polypyrrole Matrix and Environmental Applications

“…The PPy/Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 composite has a cauliflower‐like structure. Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanoparticles act as the growth centers for the PPy nanospheroids and consequently aid in making PPy/Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 a dense and compact cauliflower‐like structure . Spherical nanoparticles can be seen clearly in Figure (d), in which the dark spots correspond to Fe 3 O 4 , or Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanoparticles and the light gray and relatively large phases belong to PPy…”

Swelling Properties and Environmental Responsiveness of Superabsorbent Composite Based on Starch-G-Poly Acrylic Acid/Organo-Zeolite

“…K is a proportionality constant, and the exponent n 13 describes the type of diffusion mechanism. For a Fickian diffusion mechanism, n is less than 0.5, and for non-Fickian or anomalous diffusion, n is between 0.5 and 1.0.…”

“…Many inorganic mineral micropowders, such as mica [10], attapulgite [11], and kaolinite [12], have been employed in the preparation of polymers to reduce costs and improve the comprehensive water absorbency and thermal stability of the superabsorbent materials. Zeolites, as a clay material, is in the group of alumina silicates which consist of open frameworks with channels and pores of very different sizes and shapes, all of which can contain water molecules [13]. Zeolite 4A, as a single-phase zeolite is composed of a silica and alumina tetrahedron three-dimensional skeleton; the cell 4 center has a 1.14 Å diameter hole.…”

A review on synthetic strategies and gas sensing approach for polypyrrole‐based hybrid nanocomposites

“…[ 3–5 ] The intrinsic conducting polymers (ICPs) are interesting material having π‐conjugated system in the polymeric chains. [ 6 ] Various such conjugated polymers available in the market are polyaniline(PANI), [ 7–10 ] polythiopene (PTH), [ 11 ] polyfuran (PFu), [ 12 ] poly(phenylenesulfide) (PPS), [ 13 ] poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiopene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), [ 14 ] poly( p ‐phenylene) (PPP), [ 15 ] polycarbazole, [ 16 ] and PPy [ 17–25 ] provide their best applications such as chemical gas sensor, supercapacitors, wastewater treatment, and energy storage in the past as well as in the future due to their uniqueness in physical properties and electrically conductivity. [ 6,26–29 ]…”