Preparation and characterization of polymer‐stabilized metal nanoparticles for sensor applications

Abstract

Nanomaterial-based sensing devices attract great attention of scientist and technologists due to the special properties of nano-objects, such as for example, Metal Nanoclusters (MNC), which differ from those of the bulk materials. The further development of these devices requires novel approaches to stabilize MNC and therefore, to save their unique properties. The Solid-Phase-Incorporated-Reagents (SPHINER) technique was used for in situ synthesis of Polymer-Stabilized Metal Nanoclusters (PSMNC), which were used in the construction of new composite electrodes. The size of Pt-PSMNC synthesized in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polysulfone stabilizing matrices was determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) technique and appeared to be in majority of cases of 6 -20 nm. The electrochemical characterization of PSMNC-based amperometric sensors has demonstrated that inclusion of Pt-MNC increases the electrical conductivity of the membrane and that the electrode performance strongly depends on both the type of polymeric matrix and the membrane preparation technique.

Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2at Au Nanoparticle Electrodes: Effects of Interfacial Chemistry on Reduction Behavior

“…In recent works, several types of wet-synthesized metal nanoclusters (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Cu) have been demonstrated in electrochemical sensors [1][2][3] or electrolytic cells [3][4][5] with remarkable advantages over conventional metal (foil) electrodes. Recent works using Au 25 nanoclusters as electrochemical sensors demonstrate nanomolar sensitivity for species such as dopamine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, iodide or nitrites.…”

Intermatrix synthesis: easy technique permitting preparation of polymer-stabilized nanoparticles with desired composition and structure

“…The sensor modification can be achieved by two different ways: (i) by depositing an ink containing INPs onto the electrode surface or (ii) by depositing the INPs-free polymeric matrix followed by the in situ IMS of INPs [4,21]. In the second case, the electrochemical response of the modified sensors appears to be lower than that of the sensors obtained by the ex situ method (see Figure 5a).…”

“…Nanocomposites containing polymer-stabilized INPs (PSINPs) are examples of the nanocomposite materials of this type [4], which find numerous applications [5,9-15]. For example, CuS and PbS INPs-containing materials can be used as photovoltaic materials [16], quantum dots [17], or as active components in various electroanalytic devices [18,19].…”

Biodegradable Starch Nanocomposites

“…Most antibacterial inorganic materials are metallic nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles such as silver, copper, titanium oxide, gold and zinc oxide (Sondi and Salopek-Sondi 2004;Cioffi et al 2005;Chaudhry et al 2008;Bradley et al 2011). In addition, they promise environmental benefit due to the possibility of their applications on nanoscience/ nanotechnology, including new catalysts for environmental improve (Kamat et al 2002), photovoltaic (Hasobe et al 2003), thermoelectric materials for cooling without refrigerants (Venkatasubramanian et al 2001), nanocomposite materials for vehicles (Lloyd and Lave 2003), sensors (Macanás et al 2006;Muraviev et al 2007), packaging in food industry (Varaprasad et al 2010), and biomedical applications (Stodolak et al 2009). In addition, they promise environmental benefit due to the possibility of their applications on nanoscience/ nanotechnology, including new catalysts for environmental improve (Kamat et al 2002), photovoltaic (Hasobe et al 2003), thermoelectric materials for cooling without refrigerants (Venkatasubramanian et al 2001), nanocomposite materials for vehicles (Lloyd and Lave 2003), sensors (Macanás et al 2006;Muraviev et al 2007), packaging in food industry (Varaprasad et al 2010), and biomedical applications (Stodolak et al 2009).…”