Preparation and characterization of new melt compounded copolyamide nanocomposites

Incarnato, Loredana; Scarfato, Paola; Russo, Giovanna; Maio, Luciano Di; Iannelli, Pio; Acierno, Domenico

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00360-4

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Consequently, the change in the permeability of such systems is a balance between the barrier properties of the impermeable nanoplatelets and the possible increase of the free volume of the matrix. 41 It has been noticed that the interaction between certain polymer matrices and nanoplatelets can affect crystallinity, molecular orientation, and packing of the molecules near the nanoplatelets. 41 The alteration of the molecular packing around the nanoplatelets may further enhance the barrier properties of polymer nanocomposites.…”

Section: -39mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 It has been noticed that the interaction between certain polymer matrices and nanoplatelets can affect crystallinity, molecular orientation, and packing of the molecules near the nanoplatelets. 41 The alteration of the molecular packing around the nanoplatelets may further enhance the barrier properties of polymer nanocomposites. On the other hand, poor interface interactions between nanoplatelets and matrix will usually result in decreased barrier properties.…”

Section: -39mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)—Bentonite clay nanocomposite films in relation to polymer–clay interactions

Sapalidis

Katsaros

Steriotis

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study describes an effective way for the preparation of well-dispersed, high-loaded PVA/bentonite nanocomposites with improved properties, based on nanoscale interactions. To this end, a series of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-bentonite clay nanocomposites have been prepared via solvent casting technique and their properties were thoroughly investigated by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, oxygen and water permeability, water sorption along with mechanical and thermal studies. Microscopic and XRD techniques revealed highly organized regions. Clay content up to 10% led to nanocomposites with high degree of exfoliation. In addition samples with increased filler content (20%) demonstrated also, apart from the delaminated, well-organized intercalated regions. The nanocomposites exhibited increased mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties, though they retained their optical clarity. Thus, the Young's modulus of the sample containing 20% clay was increased by 193 times, while the oxygen permeability was decreased about seven times, in regard to the corresponding values of the neat polymer. The obtained results were explored on the basis of nanoscale phenomena and it was concluded that the organized structures and intercalated regions observed on highly loaded samples are attributed to the competitive effect between weaker polymer-polymer interactions in relation to stronger polymer-clay ones.

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Section: -39mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -39mentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)—Bentonite clay nanocomposite films in relation to polymer–clay interactions

Sapalidis

Katsaros

Steriotis

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Dennis et al 3 have analyzed polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites showing that the properties depend on the combination of the suitable chemical modification of the clays and optimized processing conditions. Incarnato et al 11 have also studied the influence of the speed of screw rotation in the case of extrusion for PA-based nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites: Effect of clay content, polymer/clay compatibility, and processing conditions

Tarapow

Bernal

Álvarez

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, polypropylene/clay nanocomposites with 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt % of montmorillonite (MMT) (unmodified clay) were prepared by intensive mixing at 50 rpm and 10 min of mixing. For the highest clay content (5 wt %), the initial materials or the processing conditions were changed to study their independent effect. On one hand, 10 wt % of PP-graft-MA (PP-g-MA) was incorporated or MMT was replaced by organomodified clays (C10A and C30B). On the other side, for the initial system, the speed of rotation (100 and 150 rpm) and the mixing time (5 and 15 min) were altered. In all cases, the state of the clay inside the matrix (DRX), the degree of dispersion in the micro (SEM) and nano (TEM) scales, and the rheological and mechanical properties were analyzed. It was found that the stiffness increased with clay content, whereas tensile and impact strength did not significantly change. Although intercalated structures were observed in the composites with unmodified clay, in the composites with modified clay or PP-g-MA, improved dispersion of clay in PP was found. The mechanical properties increased accordingly. The degree of dispersion of the filler in the matrix appeared to be unaffected by the changes in the processing conditions introduced. Finally, the elastic modulus was modeled by using an effective filler-parameter model based on Halpin-Tsai equations, which also allowed estimating the relative degree of dispersion.

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“…However, systematic studies of melt compounding of PNC are scarce. A high degree of exfoliation was obtained by dispersing up to 9 wt% of Cloisite 30B in a semiaromatic copolyamide [17] in a small TSE. Good results were also obtained using polycarbonate [18,19] or epoxy [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt compounding of different grades polystyrene with organoclay. Part 3: Mechanical properties

et al. 2005

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We discuss the effects of the melt compounding variables, matrix molecular weight and organoclay content on the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical properties of polystyrene (PS)/organoclay nanocomposites (PNC) prepared in a twin‐screw extruder. An increase of residence time reduced the height of the first XRD peak and increased that of the second peak. Barrel temperature and screw configuration had a little influence on the tensile properties and impact strength. Young's modulus increased with organoclay content and it was almost independent of matrix PS molecular weight. The stress‐at‐break and impact strength decreased with organoclay content and increased with PS molecular weight. Young's modulus and impact strength decreased with residence time. Since the slopes of these dependencies for PNC were similar to that of the neat PS, the matrix degradation seems to play the major role. The relationship between impact strength and elongation at break of PNC showed high dependency on matrix grade. However, better empirical correlation was observed between the impact and tensile strengths. According to theoretical model of Ji et al. [32], the Young's modulus vs. clay concentration dependence indicated the presence of low interphase thickness. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 45:827–837, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Preparation and characterization of new melt compounded copolyamide nanocomposites

Cited by 63 publications

References 29 publications

Properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)—Bentonite clay nanocomposite films in relation to polymer–clay interactions

Properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)—Bentonite clay nanocomposite films in relation to polymer–clay interactions

Mechanical properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites: Effect of clay content, polymer/clay compatibility, and processing conditions

Melt compounding of different grades polystyrene with organoclay. Part 3: Mechanical properties

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