Preparation and Characterization of Nanocomposite Scaffolds (Collagen/β-TCP/SrO) for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, production of nanocomposite scaffolds based on natural biopolymer, bioceramic, and metal ions is a growing field of research due to the potential for bone tissue engineering applications. METHODS: In this study, a nanocomposite scaffold for bone tissue engineering was successfully prepared using collagen (COL), beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) and strontium oxide (SrO). A composition of b-TCP (4.9 g) was prepared by doping with SrO (0.05 g). Biocompatible porous nanocomposite scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying in different formulations [COL, COL/b-TCP (1:2 w/w), and COL/b-TCP-Sr (1:2 w/w)] to be used as a provisional matrix or scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Moreover, the prepared scaffolds were characterized by physicochemical properties, such as porosity, swelling ratio, biodegradation, mechanical properties, and biomineralization. RESULTS: All the scaffolds had a microporous structure with high porosity (* 95-99%) and appropriate pore size (100-200 lm). COL/b-TCP-Sr scaffolds had the compressive modulus (213.44 ± 0.47 kPa) higher than that of COL/b-TCP (33.14 ± 1.77 kPa). In vitro cytocompatibility, cell attachment and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity studies performed using rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Addition of b-TCP-Sr to collagen scaffolds increased ALP activity by 1.33-1.79 and 2.92-4.57 folds after 7 and 14 days of culture, respectively. CONCLUSION: In summary, it was found that the incorporation of Sr into the collagen-b-TCP scaffolds has a great potential for bone tissue engineering applications.

Mechanical and biological performance of rainbow trout collagen‐boron nitride nanocomposite scaffolds for soft tissue engineering

“…In the present study, the reduction in the degradation rate of nanocomposite scaffolds was probably due to the strong interaction between the hydroxyl groups of BN nanoparticles and the collagen amine groups during the crosslinking process. This behavior has been reported similarly in other studies 89–91 . For example, Aktourk et al 90 found that the presence of gold nanoparticles along with the cross‐linking process significantly reduced the degradation rate of collagen from about 100% to 20%.…”

“…For example, Aktourk et al 90 found that the presence of gold nanoparticles along with the cross‐linking process significantly reduced the degradation rate of collagen from about 100% to 20%. In addition, in another study, Goodarzi et al 91 showed that the addition of beta‐tricalcium phosphate and strontium nanoparticles to the collagen structure decreased the degradation rate and acidic products of collagen degradation. These results showed that the synthesized nanocomposite scaffolds have appropriate degradation rate and can be used to repair various tissues.…”

Synergistic effect of electromagnetic fields and nanomagnetic particles on osteogenesis through calcium channels and p‐ERK signaling

“…As well, research using NPs has been carried out in all areas of bio‐ and medical fields, 44,45 especially on the proliferation and differentiation of cells and wound healing using magnetic NPs 30 . Choi et al reported that 40 nm of chitosan‐conjugated gold NPs increased ALP, BSP, and OCN expression and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells through Wnt/β‐catenin activation 46 .…”

Recent Advances in Multicellular Tumor Spheroid Generation for Drug Screening

“…In the regenerative and tissue engineering field, bio-mimicking scaffolds are routinely used to provide mechanical support for cell growth and tissue repair [103,104]. Biomaterials are derived from both natural materials and synthetic polymers with biocompatible properties [105].…”