Preparation and Characterization of Multifunctional Chitin/Lignin Materials

Abstract

Multifunctional chitin/lignin materials were synthesized. In order to combine mechanical milling of the biopolymers with simultaneous mixing, a centrifugal ball mill was utilized. The resulting materials, differing in terms of the proportions of precursors used, underwent detailed physicochemical and dispersive-morphological analysis. On the basis of FT-IR spectra and results of elemental analysis, the efficiency of the preparation of the materials was determined. The influence of the precursors on the thermal stability of the resulting systems was also evaluated. Zeta potential was determined as a function of pH to describe the electrokinetic stability of aqueous dispersions. This is important for evaluating the utility of the materials and indirectly confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method of synthesis of chitin/lignin products. Measurements were performed to determine basic colorimetric parameters, crucial in the production technology of multiple colored materials. It is expected that chitin/lignin materials will find a wide range of applications (biosorbents, polymer fillers, and electrochemical sensors), as they combine the unique properties of chitin with the specific structural features of lignin to provide a multifunctional material.

Lignosulfonate as a byproduct of wood pulp production: A potential precursor for the preparation of functional hybrid materials

“…The mass loss is connected with the presence of adsorbed water on the surface of the material, as confirmed by the FTIR spectra. This observation was also reported in our previous work, in which other types of silica were used [37]. As regards the thermal analysis of magnesium lignosulfonate, the mass loss over the temperature range 25-1000°C is significantly higher and reaches 60%.…”

“…Spherical silicas have low BET surface area, particularly SiO 2 obtained via the sol-gel method, for which the BET surface area was found to be 7 m 2 /g. The BET surface area of emulsion silica was six times higher than this, although compared with other types of silica (see for review [37,38]) the value is still not significant. The lowest value of BET surface area, equal to 1 m 2 /g, was recorded for magnesium lignosulfonate.…”

Kraft lignin/silica–AgNPs as a functional material with antibacterial activity

“…4a shows the zeta potential as a function of pH for Syloid 244 silica and kraft lignin. A detailed analysis of these results has appeared previously in [34,52]. It was shown there that electrokinetic stability is strongly dependent on the type and concentration of the studied compounds.…”

Aqueous foams stabilized by chitin nanocrystals

“…Electrostatic interactions can be tuned by altering the pH, as this changes the charge density of chitin. 47,48 Liu and co-workers reported values around À30 mV at pH 10.0, and they attributed the heteropolyelectrolyte property to both the amino groups (positively charged at acidic pH), and carboxylate groups (negatively charged at alkali pH) generated from the oxidation of alcoholic groups during bleaching. The zeta-potential of the samples at pH values between 3.0 and 8.0 was initially measured, in order to investigate the effect of pH of the aqueous medium on the ChNs' charge density (Fig.…”