Preparation and characterization of layered LiNi_0.9Co_0.05Mn_0.025Mg_0.025O₂ cathode material by a sol–gel method for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.025Mg0.025O2 prepared by sol–gel method using citric acid had a well ordered hexagonal layered structure and showed excellent electrochemical performance.

Systematic Optimization of Battery Materials: Key Parameter Optimization for the Scalable Synthesis of Uniform, High-Energy, and High Stability LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…All of the samples yielded a well-defined and impurity-free single phase material, which could be attributed to a hexagonal α-NaFeO 2 type structure. With an increase in the calcination temperature, the XRD patterns showed a more clearly defined split between the (006)/(102) and (108)/(110) peaks, indicating that the materials had a better defined hexagonal structure. , The lattice parameters (see Table S1) are similar to previously reported values. ,, As the calcination temperature increased, the lattice constants a , c , and volume V increased from 2.867 Å, 14.229 Å, and 101.286 Å 3 to 2.871 Å, 14.241 Å, and 101.654 Å 3 , respectively, which are in very good agreement with elemental crystal growth theory . Moreover, the intensity ratio of I(003)/I(104) is a reliable indicator for determining the cation distribution in the lattice of layered oxides.…”

“…However, it decreased to 78.0% after further increasing the temperature to 900 °C. While the effect of the replacement of Li + by Ni 2+ is known to have adverse effects on performance, the volatile nature of lithium should be considered as well . From these results, the optimal calcination temperature was determined to be 860 °C.…”

Ultrahigh Rate Performance of a Robust Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide Cathode with Preferentially Orientated Li-Diffusing Channels

“…In addition, a split between the (006)/ (102) and (108)/(110) peaks, respectively, was clearly observed, indicating that the structure had good layering. 11,41 The intensity ratio of I (003) /I (104) can be used to reliably indicate the extent of cation mixing (Ni 2+ occupancy of Li + sites). Generally, a higher intensity ratio of I (003) /I (104) indicates a lower degree of cation mixing, and the sample has a more well-defined layered structure.…”

Progress in electrode and electrolyte materials: path to all-solid-state Li-ion batteries

“…Jiang et al, [270], prepared the LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.025 Mg 0.025 O 2 electrode via the sol-gel method and investigated the effect of calcination temperature and time on the electrochemical performance.…”

“…The specific capacity reduction at high calcination time is attributed to the agglomeration tendency of particles, evidenced from SEM. Table14summarizes different methods, material prepared, and performance parameters[78,[269][270][271][272][273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286][287].3. Electrolytes for Li-ion BatteriesSince the first breakthrough of LIBs by John Goodenough and commercialization by the Sony corp. in 1991, these batteries have attracted the global attention owing to their higher energy density.…”