Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Polycarbophil Mucoadhesive Blend Films Using a Mixture Design Approach

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to prepare the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)/polycarbophil (PC) mucoadhesive blend film and to investigate the main and interaction effect of HPMC and PC mixtures on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of blend films using a simplex lattice mixture design approach. The cubic and quadratic models were selected to analyze mucoadhesive properties in terms of work of adhesion and maximum detachment force, respectively. It was shown that HPMC/PC blend film had higher mucoadhesive properties than pure HPMC film. The suitable models for analyzing swelling index of blend films at various times were assessed. The puncture strength, % elongation and hydrophilicity of films were also examined. The pure HPMC film displayed more homogeneous and smoother structures compared with the blend film, as observed by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between HPMC and PC was detected using Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction. Therefore, the blend film shows high potential for use as a buccal delivery system. Key words hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC); polycarbophil; blend film; mixture design; mucoadhesive film; buccal drug delivery Buccal drug delivery systems have several advantages such as good accessibility, avoiding hepatic first pass metabolism and drug degradation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Development of Triamcinolone Acetonide-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) for Buccal Drug Delivery Using the Box-Behnken Design

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“…However, this approach is quite time-consuming, expensive, laborious, and unpredictable [ 21 , 22 ]. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to solve these problems and it can be optimized in the formulation of many drug deliveries [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. RSM’s main benefit is concurrently analyzing the variables when factor interactions are complex.…”

Impact of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (Hpmc) Type and Concentration on the Swelling and Release Properties of Propranolol Hydrochloride Matrix Tablets Usning a Simplex Centroid Design

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Assessing the effects of different agro-residue as substrates on growth cycle and yield of Grifola frondosa and statistical optimization of substrate components using simplex-lattice design

“…In order to produce consistent high yield and maintain/increase profitability, a commercial grower must determine the processing conditions. These conditions include quality spawn, temperature, humidity and consider the addition of an additive that is readily available, cheap and proven to increase yield and produce high quality G. frondosa in a short period of time (Montoya et al 2012 ; Kraisit et al 2017 ). Mixture design is one of the most widely used methods for screening formulas (the sum of the main ingredients is a unit, 1 or 100%) and has been widely used in the feed, medicine and food industries (Kraisit et al 2017 ; Pires et al 2017 ; Saoudi et al 2017 ).…”

“…These conditions include quality spawn, temperature, humidity and consider the addition of an additive that is readily available, cheap and proven to increase yield and produce high quality G. frondosa in a short period of time (Montoya et al 2012 ; Kraisit et al 2017 ). Mixture design is one of the most widely used methods for screening formulas (the sum of the main ingredients is a unit, 1 or 100%) and has been widely used in the feed, medicine and food industries (Kraisit et al 2017 ; Pires et al 2017 ; Saoudi et al 2017 ). Among all mixture-design methods, the simplex-lattice design is the most commonly used method for substrate screening; it allows for good analysis of correlations of the different factors and the target values, and with regression analysis, the quantitative relations between the different substrates and assessment indicators can be obtained (Yang et al 2016 ).…”