2018
DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2018.1488570
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Preparation and characterization of hydroxyapatite from Achatina achatina snail shells: effect of carbonate substitution and trace elements on defluoridation of water

Abstract: A novel hydroxyapatite [HAp: Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 ] material for defluoridation was prepared from Achatina achatina (AA) snail shells using a modified chemical precipitation method. X-ray diffractometry and atomic absorption spectrometry revealed carbonate substitution as a function of stirring conditions. Stirring time was varied to control crystallite size and trace element concentrations. In addition, Infrared spectra, cyclic voltammograms, and ion exchange profiles confirmed the functional groups, the sur… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…However, small intensity reflections indicated the presence of calcite at 52.9 o and 64 o, implying incomplete conversion of Ca to HAp. This is similar to a pattern that was reported in the preparation of HAp from snail (Achatina achatina) shells [25]. Referring to the reflection of nano TiO 2 , it can be seen that there was no significant difference detected in the HAp-nTiO 2 reflection with respect to the HAp.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 89%
“…However, small intensity reflections indicated the presence of calcite at 52.9 o and 64 o, implying incomplete conversion of Ca to HAp. This is similar to a pattern that was reported in the preparation of HAp from snail (Achatina achatina) shells [25]. Referring to the reflection of nano TiO 2 , it can be seen that there was no significant difference detected in the HAp-nTiO 2 reflection with respect to the HAp.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The carbonate peaks show a difference in the transmittance between HAp1 and HAp3. This variation is due to the prolonged stirring of the materials at 40 • C as reported in literature (24). The decomposition of the carbonate might have been the reason for the reduction of the crystallite size indicated in the XRD.…”
Section: Infrared (Ir) Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 52%
“…AA shells were calcined at 800℃ using the method described by Asimeng et al (24). HAp materials (n=2) were prepared from 0.3 M of the calcined AA shell (CAAS) material, and 0.5 M APD solutions.…”
Section: Hap Preparationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The dried shells were crushed into powder using a mortar and pestle. The powder was calcined at 850 ºC for 2 h to convert the powder from aragonite to calcite [17]. Aragonite and calcite are the two main polymorphs of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%