Preparation and characterization of fly ash/hydrated lime sorbents for SO2 removal

Fernández, J.; Renedo, J.; Garea, A.; Viguri, Javier R.; Irabien, Ángel

doi:10.1016/s0032-5910(97)03302-0

Cited by 58 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The raw materials used for the absorbent preparation were oil palm ash, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ). The oil palm ash was provided by United Oil Palm Mill, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, while the Ca(OH) 2 and CaSO 4 were obtained from BDH Laboratories, England.…”

Section: Absorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oil palm ash was provided by United Oil Palm Mill, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, while the Ca(OH) 2 and CaSO 4 were obtained from BDH Laboratories, England. The chemical composition of the oil palm ash was determined using a Rigaku RIX 3000 X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer and is shown in Tab.…”

Section: Absorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that for reactions involving siliceous materials such as oil palm ash, pozzolanic reactions typically start with the digestion of vitreous silica and/or alumina by alkaline water, and this process was reported to be very slow [8]. The dissolved silica and/or alumina will then react with Ca(OH) 2 to form the reactive species in the absorbent that absorbs SO 2 . Therefore, it can be concluded that in order to produce absorbent from oil palm ash with a high surface area, sufficient time is required for the hydration process.…”

Section: Influences Of Absorbent Preparation Variables On Absorbent Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A wettype FGD unit based on a limestone-gypsum method is most widely used and suitable for large scale boilers such as those installed in coal or oil fired power plants. Although the wet process has a high efficiency in removing SO 2 , it has a lot of disadvantages. The main disadvantages are the large space required for installation, the large volume of water required, and the high capital and operating expenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown that when siliceous materials such as coal fly ash are mixed with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) or calcium oxide (CaO) in a hydration process, absorbents with high SO 2 capture capacities could be attained [2±12]. The absorbents were found to contain complex compounds of Ca, Si, Al, and O ions and hydrated water which has a high surface area [2,8,12]. These reactive species are formed from the pozzolanic reaction between silica (SiO 2 ) and/or alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) eluted from the ash and Ca(OH) 2 /CaO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

2005

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The preparation, optimization and activity of active absorbent prepared from oil palm ash for the removal of SO 2 in flue gas from combustion systems were investigated. The absorbent was prepared from oil palm ash, calcium hydroxide and calcium sulfate using a water hydration process. A Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to study the influence of various absorbent preparation variables ± hydration period, amount of oil palm ash, and amount of CaSO 4 ± on the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) specific surface area of the resulting absorbent. The surface areas of the absorbents obtained were in the range of 18.7±147.2 m 2 /g. It was found that all three absorbent preparation variables studied have a significant positive influence on the BET surface area of the resulting absorbent. An empirical model was then developed to correlate the three absorbent preparation variables to the BET surface area of the resulting absorbent. The model showed significance at a confidence level of 95 % using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Based on the empirical model, a maximum specific surface area of 128.6 m 2 /g exists within the range of the experimental variables investigated. The hydration conditions that result in the maximum surface area are a hydration period of 10 h, amount of oil palm ash 15.0 g, and amount of CaSO 4 2.7 g. Experimental validations of these predicted optimum hydration conditions gave surface areas in the range of 125.9±129.5 m 2 /g. These results are in excellent agreement with the predicted value. In addition, desulfurization activity tests showed that the absorbent derived from oil palm ash/Ca(OH) 2 /CaSO 4 exhibited a higher desulfurization capacity compared to its starting materials.

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Section: Absorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Absorbent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influences Of Absorbent Preparation Variables On Absorbent Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

2005

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Experimental Study on the Desulfurization Performance of Magnesium Slag

Fan

Jin

Zheng

et al. 2012

Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World

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Preparation and characterization of sorbents prepared from ash (waste material) for sulfur dioxide (SO2) removal

Lee

Bhatia

Mohamed

2005

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Sorbents synthesized from various types of ash (coal fly ash, coal bottom ash, oil palm ash, and incinerator ash) for flue gas desulfurization were investigated. The sorbents were prepared by mixing the ashes with calcium oxide and calcium sulfate using the water hydration method. The effects of various sorbent preparation variables, such as the hydration period, the ratio of calcium oxide to ash, and the amount of calcium sulfate, on the Brunauer-EmmettTeller (BET)-specific surface area of the resulting sorbent were studied using a two-level full factorial design. The surface area of the sorbents obtained range from 15.4 to 122.1 m 2 /g. Regression models were developed to correlate the significant variables to the surface area of the sorbents. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the model was significant at a confidence level of 95%. It was found that apart from all the individual variables studied, interactions between variables also exerted a significant influence on the surface area of the sorbent. From the activity test results, it was found that sorbents prepared from coal fly ash and oil palm ash have the highest SO 2 absorption capacity. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the sorbent was composed of a compound with a high structural porosity, while an X-ray diffraction spectrum showed that calcium aluminum silicate hydrate compounds are the main products of the hydration reaction.

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Preparation and characterization of fly ash/hydrated lime sorbents for SO2 removal

Cited by 58 publications

References 20 publications

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

Experimental Study on the Desulfurization Performance of Magnesium Slag

Preparation and characterization of sorbents prepared from ash (waste material) for sulfur dioxide (SO2) removal

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Preparation and characterization of fly ash/hydrated lime sorbents for SO2 removal

Cited by 58 publications

References 20 publications

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)2/CaSO4 Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)2/CaSO4 Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

Experimental Study on the Desulfurization Performance of Magnesium Slag

Preparation and characterization of sorbents prepared from ash (waste material) for sulfur dioxide (SO2) removal

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Product

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About

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization

Oil Palm Ash/Ca(OH)₂/CaSO₄ Absorbent for Flue Gas Desulfurization