Preparation and Characterization of Fluorinated Fullerenes

Direct fluorination of fullerenes

“…Hamwi et al 24,25 fluorinated C 60 using a setup made of Monel and steel. A fullerene powder was placed in an aluminium boat; the reaction was carried out at 20 ± 300 8C, either under static conditions (p = 1 ± 5 atm) or in a stream of fluorine (the flow rate was 2 ml min 71 ) for 10 ± 336 h. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that fluorofullerenes started to decompose at 180 8C.…”

“…According to IR spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data, these samples contained only the nonfluorinated fullerene, while the 19 F NMR spectrum exhibited one broad peak, which proved the presence of fluorine in the products. 25 It was found 24,25 that C 60 /C 70 fullerene mixtures are more reactive than C 60 fullerene. For example, the reaction of C 60 /C 70 with fluorine at room temperature for 4 h resulted in an increase in the sample weight; however, the weight of pure C 60 samples did not change upon longer treatment (48 h) under the same conditions.…”

A mass spectrometric study of C60F48

“…Fluorinated fullerenes can be easily obtained by fluorination with fluorine gas, [1][2][3][4][5][6] and a wide range of fluorinated products C 60 F 2n (2n = 36-48) has been reported. Due to the thermal stability of fluorofullerenes mass spectrometry represents a most convenient tool for the identification and composition characterisation in the gas phase.…”

“…Due to the thermal stability of fluorofullerenes mass spectrometry represents a most convenient tool for the identification and composition characterisation in the gas phase. However, in some mass spectrometry techniques the ionisation of fluorinated fullerenes is accompanied by strong fragmentation/decomposition (laser desorption, LD), 1 ion/molecule reactions resulting in coalescence products (FAB), 2 which adds complexity in the interpretation of the mass spectra.…”

Fluorinated Fullerenes

“…If therefore fluorination is stopped after a limited time, the product consists of a mixture of highly fluorinated and unfluorinated fullerenes. [12] A further consequence of the fullerene packing is that mixtures of C 60 and C 70 fluorinate much more rapidly than pure C 60 , [13,14] due to the greater ease of penetration of the more open lattice of the mixture. [9] (Similar reasons cause pure C 60 to dissolve only very slowly in hexane, [15] and C 120 to dissolve much more slowly than when mixed with C 60 .…”