Preparation and characterization of energetic Al-Mg mechanical alloy powders

Shoshin, Yuriy; Mudryy, Ruslan; Dreizin, Edward L.

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(01)00351-0

Cited by 119 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thermite reactions utilizing micron-sized aluminium powder fuels feature long ignition delays, slow burning rates and incomplete combustion [12]. Aluminium melts at ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

et al. 2011

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The ignition temperature of the Al-CuO thermite was measured using DTA at a scan rate of 50 C.min -1 in a nitrogen atmosphere. Thermite reactions are difficult to start as they require very high temperatures for ignition, e.g. for Al-CuO thermite comprising micron particles it is ca. 940 C. It was found that the ignition temperature is significantly reduced when the binary Si-Bi 2 O 3 system is added as sensitizer. Further improvement is achieved when the reagents are nano-sized powders. For the composition Al + CuO + Si + Bi 2 O 3 (65.3:14.7:16:4 wt %), with all components nano-sized, the observed ignition temperature is ca. 613 C and a thermal runaway reaction is observed in the DTA.

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“…Thermite reactions utilizing micron-sized aluminium powder fuels feature long ignition delays, slow burning rates and incomplete combustion [12]. Aluminium melts at ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

et al. 2011

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“…It has been known that the burning rate depends on particle size, that burning takes place in several stages (vapor/diffusional and surface oxidation), and that adding a metal with a lower ignition temperature, such as magnesium, facilitates particle combustion. [11,12] For ramjet applications, where combustion takes place in supersonic flow streams, it is desirable to complete propellant burning within approximately 10 ms. This can possibly be achieved by suitably alloying Al with Mg.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, most of the existing data was generated with only one particle size during combustion. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Thus, the goal of the current effort is to extend the understanding of the burning behavior of well-defined Al, Mg, and Al-Mg powder particles obtained by mechanical alloying and to investigate the effect of particle size and alloy composition. Mechanical alloying (MA) is a process involving repeated cold welding, fracturing, and rewelding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill.…”

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confidence: 99%

Combustion Characteristics of Mechanically Alloyed Ultrafine‐Grained Al‐Mg Powders

2006

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There has been a lot of interest in recent years on the synthesis, characterization, and exploring potential applications of nanostructured (with a grain size of ≤ 100 nm) and ultrafine-grained (with grain sizes of 100 nm to 1 lm) materials. [1][2][3][4] One of the potential applications for materials with such fine grain sizes is in improving the combustion characteristics of propellants. Aluminum, magnesium, and boron are potential powders to increase the energy content of propellants. [5] Table 1 lists the melting and boiling points and the heat contents of these metals, and they are compared with those of the traditional jet engine and rocket fuels. It may be noted that the heat contents of the metal powders are significantly higher than those of the conventional liquid fuels. Further, it has been noted that shorter ignition and burning times, achievable with a decrease in particle size, [5] are desirable as the residence time in the rocket chamber is short.It is clear from Table 1 that there is significant gain in the heat content if one uses the metal powder particles instead of the traditional liquid fuels. Even though boron has a higher gravimetric and volumetric energy content than either aluminum or magnesium, it has a very high boiling point and therefore it is not convenient to use. Magnesium, on the other hand, has a low boiling point (1,366 K), but its heat content is also significantly low. Even though aluminum also has a relatively high boiling point (2,791 K), its energy content is reasonably high and therefore it has been considered as a desirable additive to both solid and liquid propellants. Thus, determination of the ignition and burning characteristics of Al, in the form of fine particles, has been a topic of intensive study due to the inherent difficulties of burning them. [6][7][8][9][10] Many researchers have concentrated on the combustion behavior of aluminum particles in clouds, slurries, or air. [6][7][8][9][10] The ignition time and burning time in environments having different temperatures were investigated. It has been known that the burning rate depends on particle size, that burning takes place in several stages (vapor/diffusional and surface oxidation), and that adding a metal with a lower ignition temperature, such as magnesium, facilitates particle combustion. [11,12] For ramjet applications, where combustion takes place in supersonic flow streams, it is desirable to complete propellant burning within approximately 10 ms. This can possibly be achieved by suitably alloying Al with Mg. However, Al-Mg alloys containing more than about 1 at.% Mg are two-phase alloys. (The room temperature solid solubility of Mg in Al under equilibrium conditions is less than 1 at.%). Working with a single-phase material is desirable to understand the combustion behavior of particles. Therefore, we have employed the technique of mechanical alloying to produce single-phase solid solutions up to nearly 40 at.% Mg in the Al-Mg system. However, it is not known how fast the combustion of AlMg particles w...

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“…A type of ball mill is shown in Figure 1 12 . Mechanical ball milling has been used to blend aluminum with magnesium and carbon in order to alter its chemical properties and combustion behavior [14][15][16] . The studies to make blends with magnesium used particles tens of micrometers in size 17 .…”

Section: Solid-phase Synthesis Mechanical Ball Millingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Methods for Synthesis of Al Nanoparticles

Ghorbani¹

2014

Orient J Chem

100

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The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an active area of academic and, more significantly, applied research in nanotechnology. Several methods have been introduced for the synthesis of these materials. The techniques for synthesizing aluminum nanoparticles can be divided into solidphase, liquid-phase and gas-phase processes. The solid-phase techniques include mechanical ball milling and mechanochemical, the liquid-phase techniques include laser ablation, exploding wire, solution reduction, and decomposition process, whereas the gas-phase processes include gas evaporation, exploding wire, and laser ablation process. This study is an attempt to present an overview of Al nanoparticles preparation by various methods.

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Preparation and characterization of energetic Al-Mg mechanical alloy powders

Cited by 119 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

Combustion Characteristics of Mechanically Alloyed Ultrafine‐Grained Al‐Mg Powders

A Review of Methods for Synthesis of Al Nanoparticles

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